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The Wizard's Lens: Learn to Think Like AI

Book One of "The Revolutionizers"

Learn to think like AI through a working LLM you build yourself. Battle-tested systems thinking from Cray Research applied to modern AI. Accomplish what others consider impossible.

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About

About

About the Book

What if you could see how AI actually thinks?

Not metaphorically. Not theoretically. But through a working demonstration you can build yourself using physical objects—the same approach Donald Michie used in 1961 to prove machines could learn, by teaching matchboxes to win at tic-tac-toe.

The Wizard’s Lens reveals something that does not exist elsewhere in AI literature: a complete Large Language Model you can construct and operate with terrain maps, tokens, and attention mechanisms made tangible. This is not a metaphor for understanding AI. This is AI, demonstrated through physical implementation.

While others struggle to use AI effectively, this book teaches you to think like AI—to see the patterns, understand the mechanisms, and apply insights that enable you to accomplish what has never been done before.

The Hidden Knowledge

What Cray Research accomplished is well documented: we built the world’s fastest supercomputers and changed what was computationally possible. How we did it has never been written down—until now.

This book shares the systems thinking approaches and revolutionary mindset from that era, applied to modern AI. Not as history, but as practical methods you can use today. The same approaches that created computational breakthroughs in environments where second place was not survivable now reveal how to work with AI in ways others cannot replicate.

For those who recognize the significance of Cray Research: yes, this is that knowledge. For everyone else: you’re learning approaches that have already proven they enable the impossible.

What You’ll Discover

Through hands-on demonstrations and clear explanations, you’ll learn:

Token Context and Embeddings - Build a working model that shows how AI represents and processes information, using physical tokens and terrain maps that make abstract concepts concrete.

Attention Mechanisms - Understand how AI focuses on relevant information through a demonstration you can manipulate yourself, revealing why certain approaches work and others fail.

The Ping Pong Effect - Move beyond one-shot prompting to develop collaborative relationships with AI that grow more effective with each interaction.

Pattern Recognition at Scale - Learn to see how AI connects disparate information, and how to structure your work to leverage these connections.

Revolutionary Thinking - Develop the mindset that enables you to take on challenges others consider impossible, treating “it can’t be done” as an invitation rather than a boundary.

Why This Book is Different

Most AI books teach you to write better prompts or explain transformer architecture with equations. This book shows you how the mechanisms actually work through physical demonstration, then teaches you to apply that understanding in ways no one else can.

You’ll learn to use AI like nobody before you—not through tricks or techniques, but through genuine understanding of how Large Language Models process information, maintain context, and generate responses. This understanding transforms how you collaborate with AI, opening possibilities that others believe require technology that doesn’t exist yet.

Who This Book is For

This book serves multiple audiences:

Professionals and knowledge workers who need to accomplish complex tasks with AI and recognize that basic prompting has fundamental limitations.

Developers and technical practitioners who want to understand LLM internals without drowning in mathematics, gaining practical insight that informs better implementation decisions.

Strategic thinkers and innovators who need to solve problems that have never been solved before, and recognize that revolutionary results require revolutionary approaches.

Anyone who suspects there’s more to AI than what current tutorials and guides reveal, and wants to develop capabilities that create genuine competitive advantage.

The Author’s Background

Edward W. Barnard spent years at Cray Research during the era when we were accomplishing what had never been done before in computing. This book shares the systems thinking approaches and revolutionary mindset from that time, now applied to AI collaboration.

These aren’t theoretical frameworks. These are battle-tested methods from environments where results mattered more than credentials, where impossible challenges were solved through clear thinking and revolutionary approaches to complex systems.

The cryptographic origins of modern computing—from Alan Turing through Seymour Cray—created specific ways of thinking about information, context, and computational possibility. This book teaches those approaches in a form you can apply immediately.

What’s In It For You

Immediate capability - Learn to accomplish tasks with AI that others consider beyond current technology, through understanding how LLMs actually process and generate information.

Deep understanding - Build a working LLM yourself, making abstract concepts concrete and revealing why certain approaches succeed while others fail.

Transferable skills - Develop systems thinking approaches that work across all AI platforms and remain valuable regardless of how technology evolves.

Revolutionary mindset - Learn to approach impossible challenges the way they were approached at Cray Research: as interesting problems to solve rather than boundaries to accept.

Long-term mastery - Create a foundation for continually improving your AI collaboration skills, based on understanding rather than memorized techniques.

Whether you’re drowning in operational complexity, struggling with projects that seem beyond AI’s current capabilities, or simply know there’s a better way to work with these tools, this book will transform not just what you can accomplish with AI, but how you think about what’s possible.

The revolution isn’t coming. It’s here. The question is whether you’ll be among those who can see it.

Author

About the Author

Edward W. Barnard

No Time to Be Beginners

What was it like to stand in the breach, with nobody else to take the decisions, and do-overs are too late? Margaret Hamilton, the first programmer hired for the Apollo project at MIT, explained:

Because software was a mystery, a black box, upper management gave us total freedom and trust. We had to find a way and we did. Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers; no time to be beginners.

During the Cold War when it was "nobody but us," our decisions and solutions were shaped by constraints. At Cray Research constraints and barriers pointed us to the best point of leverage. To remain the best in the world, we had no other option. But before considering leverage, we carefully identified and proved relevant capabilities. Those capabilities showed us what solutions might be plausible. We also found that if it wasn't fun, it probably was not worth doing.

This forced way of working, where responsibility could not be abstracted away, has been mostly lost to time.

My Role as Custodian of Lost Skills

I am bringing you those skills because they were never passed to the next generation. I created a primary source document showing what it was like: Nobody but Us: A History of Cray Research's Software and the Building of the World's Fastest Supercomputer. But I wrote a second primary source, reproducing the Cray Research skills for you right now, in 2026. The Wizard's Lens: Learn to Think Like AI is an apprenticeship drawing you in to experience, not merely read about, how we continuously "achieved the impossible" at Cray Research.

Those Cray Research skills did not begin with software, or even hardware. They began outdoors. Experiential education, with real risks and real consequences, has also been abstracted away. That is where judgement is formed. For this I wrote Surviving Spring Break on the Mountain: The Power of Experiential Education.

Pure Entertainment

If it isn't fun, it probably isn't worth doing. I continued practicing the most important debugging skill I know: spotting patterns and connections that others miss. I wrote Unexpected Histories to show you shifted perspectives, purely for entertainment, but showing real history that matters today. In each case, once you see it, you cannot "un-see" it.

Эдвард Барнард

Когда нет времени быть новичком

Каково это — стоять на переднем крае, когда больше некому принимать решения и на повторные попытки уже нет времени? Маргарет Хэмилтон, первый программист, нанятый для проекта Apollo в MIT, объясняла это так:

Поскольку программное обеспечение было загадкой, «чёрным ящиком», высшее руководство предоставило нам полную свободу и доверие. Мы должны были найти выход — и мы его нашли. Оглядываясь назад, можно сказать, что мы были самыми везучими людьми в мире: у нас не было выбора, кроме как быть первопроходцами; не было времени на ученичество.

Во времена холодной войны, когда всё сводилось к принципу «никто, кроме нас», наши решения и подходы формировались под давлением жёстких ограничений. В Cray Research именно ограничения и барьеры указывали нам на наиболее эффективную точку приложения усилий. У нас просто не было иного пути, кроме как стать лучшими в мире. Но прежде чем прилагать усилия, мы тщательно искали и проверяли соответствующие компетенции. Именно они показывали, какие решения вообще могут быть осуществимы. Мы также поняли: если дело не приносит удовольствия — вероятно, не стоит им заниматься.

Этот вынужденный стиль работы, при котором ответственность нельзя переложить на других, почти утрачен со временем.

Моя роль как хранителя утраченных навыков

Я передаю вам эти навыки, потому что они так и не были переданы следующему поколению. Я написал книгу воспоминаний о том, как это было на самом деле: Nobody but Us: A History of Cray Research's Software and the Building of the World's Fastest Supercomputer. («Только мы: история программного обеспечения Cray Research и создания самого быстрого суперкомпьютера в мире»). Но я написал и вторую книгу, возрождающую стиль мышления Cray Research для вас прямо сейчас, в 2026 году. The Wizard's Lens: Learn to Think Like AI («Линза волшебника: научитесь думать как ИИ») — это учебник, который погружает вас в атмосферу и дает опыт, а не просто рассказывает о том, как мы постоянно «достигали невозможного» в Cray Research.

Истоки подхода Cray Research лежат не в программном обеспечении и даже не в железе, а в холодной реальности жизни. Обучение через опыт, с реальными рисками и реальными последствиями, подвергнутое переосмыслению. Именно так формируется суждение. Об этом я написал книгу Surviving Spring Break on the Mountain: The Power of Experiential Education («Выжить на весенних каникулах в горах: сила обучения через опыт»).

Чистое развлечение

Если это не приносит удовольствия — вероятно, этим не стоит заниматься. Я продолжал практиковать самый важный навык профессионального отладчика, который знаю: замечать закономерности и связи, которые другие упускают. Я написал Unexpected Histories («Неожиданные истории»), чтобы показать вам смещенные перспективы — исключительно ради развлечения, но опираясь на реальную историю, которая имеет значение и сегодня. В любом случае, увидев это однажды, вы уже не сможете «развидеть» увиденное.

Leanpub Podcast

Episode 317

An Interview with Edward W. Barnard

Translations

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Contents

Table of Contents

Introduction

  1. AI Techniques Mastered

Becoming the Revolutionizer

  1. Try This Right Now
  2. What Just Happened
  3. The Promise: What You Will Become
  4. Barriers as Opportunities
  5. How to Read This Book
  6. The Wizard’s Lens
  7. What Comes Next

The Ping Pong Effect

  1. Counterintuitive Behavior
  2. The Missing Piece
  3. The Underlying Pattern
  4. Specific Example: Naming the Effect
  5. How To Use Physical Analogies
  6. Summary
  7. Questions for Reflection

Same Skill Different Context

  1. Publisher Acceptance
  2. AI Collaboration
  3. Beyond Traditional Prompt Engineering
  4. The Competitive Edge in Practice
  5. Summary
  6. Questions for Reflection

Familiar Techniques Applied Differently

  1. Universal Crossover Skills
  2. Whiteboard Discussion
  3. Loud Whiteboards
  4. Identifying Specific Techniques For Your Use
  5. Competitive Edge Through Crossover Skills
  6. Summary
  7. Questions for Reflection

Viewing Differently

  1. Kung Fu Flashback
  2. The Slinky
  3. The Time Travel Pattern
  4. The Competitive Edge of Multiple Perspectives
  5. Summary
  6. Questions for Reflection

Local Memory Refresh

  1. Oil Exploration
  2. Joining Cray Research Software Division
  3. Modern Application of Old Technique
  4. Summary
  5. Questions for Reflection

Connecting the Dots

  1. As the System Unfolds Before You
  2. Billy Mitchell and Miss Mitchell
  3. Interconnected Writing Projects
  4. Motivation: Tour Guide
  5. Oddly Relevant Choices
  6. The Missing Piece: My Failed Attempts
  7. The Method That Worked
  8. Model of Large Language Model
  9. Physical Information Organization
  10. Summary
  11. Questions for Reflection

The Attention Mechanism

  1. Road Versus Map
  2. World Dynamics
  3. Summary
  4. Questions for Reflection
  5. AI Techniques Discovered and Applied
  6. The Road Not Taken
  7. The Origin Story: How Part I Was Discovered

The Conversation Begins: Discovering Systems Thinking

  1. Training When Winner Takes All
  2. Additional Crew Member
  3. Reading This Case Study: A Training Exercise
  4. The Inverted Order: Origin Before Teaching
  5. Discerning the Patterns
  6. Vision Document
  7. Summary

Refining a Mental Model Through Close Observation

  1. Two-Part Responses
  2. Summary

The Breakthrough: Mapping the Apprentice Journey

  1. The Impossible Task
  2. Lasting Insights
  3. Key “Revolutionizer” Cognitive Patterns Worth Preserving
  4. Summary
  5. Questions for Reflection
  6. Epilogue
  7. Corollary
  8. Accomplishing the Impossible
  9. The Road Not Taken

Take Joy in the Challenge (Part One)

  1. Lab Assignment
  2. The Goal
  3. Hidden Adventure
  4. Extreme Resource Limits
  5. Memory Cleanup
  6. Summary
  7. Questions for Reflection

Token Space Management (Part Two)

  1. Smoke on the Water
  2. Embracing Challenges
  3. Time Travel Patterns
  4. Summary
  5. Questions for Reflection

Doing It Because It Has Never Been Done Before (Part Three)

  1. Two Esoteric Chapters
  2. Too Esoteric to be Chapters
  3. The Pattern Revealed
  4. Have Fun With the Challenges
  5. Most Important Lesson

Close Observation Yields Breakthrough Insights

  1. Exposing More Associations
  2. Attention Mechanism: Template Pattern Trumped Reasoning Pattern
  3. Filtering Responses
  4. Summary
  5. Questions for Reflection
  6. Mastery Independent of Technology
  7. The Road Not Taken

Jolene’s Story

  1. Human Training Data
  2. Preview
  3. The Beta
  4. Nepal
  5. Grand Teton
  6. Audition
  7. Experiential Education
  8. Standard of Judgment
  9. Summary

The Mountain

  1. The Cliffhanger
  2. Preparation and Practice
  3. Guide Your Own Interest
  4. Alpine Start
  5. The Teenage Mountaineers
  6. Willi’s Toes
  7. Trip Leader
  8. Summary

College Spring Break

  1. The Goal
  2. Practice Climb
  3. Crevasse Rescue Training
  4. Up the Mountain
  5. What Goes Up Must Come Down
  6. 40 Years… and Back
  7. Summary

Planning, Preparation, and Practice

  1. Guiding Yourself
  2. Climbing Mount Rainier
  3. Planning and Preparation
  4. Visit the Park
  5. Physical Preparation
  6. Practice
  7. Keep Learning
  8. Transferring Perspective
  9. Summary

Mastering the Craft

  1. Deliberate Practice
  2. Nathaniel Bowditch
  3. Navigation
  4. John Harrison
  5. Extending the Craft
  6. Summary
  7. Becoming the Revolutionizer

Choosing to Become

  1. Prerequisite Skills
  2. The “Revolutionizers” (1952)
  3. Shifted Perspective
  4. FULL PURPLE
  5. Dancing With the System
  6. Wizard Thinking
  7. The Wizard’s Lens

It’s Not Rocket Science

  1. Secrets from Grade School
  2. Two Secrets
  3. Bragging Rights
  4. Keeping the Boredom Away
  5. The Impossible Challenge
  6. What We Learned

Engaging With Complex Systems

  1. Provenance
  2. Trailing Indicators of Mastery
  3. Flow With the System
  4. Core Elements
  5. Cognitive Transitions
  6. Time Travel Patterns
  7. Mindset Elements
  8. Transforming Constraints to Revolutionary Devices
  9. Technical Implementation of Constraint Transformation
  10. The Temporal Dimension of Constraint Transformation
  11. Practical Application Becomes General Approach
  12. The Seven Lessons of Mastery

Patterns of Mastery Emerging From Both Humans and AI

  1. Both Human and AI
  2. Opposites In Tension With Each Other
  3. Sample Chapter

Sample Chapter: The Human Cost of Staying First

  1. Contrasting Fates Determined by Radio Intelligence (1941-1943)
  2. The Invisible Battlefield Emerges (1903-1905)
  3. Second Invisible Battleground Emerges (1949)
  4. Human Cost Induces “Wizard Thinking”
  5. Connecting the Invisible Threads
  6. Summary

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