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From Transformers to Agents
The Mathematics and Architecture of Agentic AI
About
About the Book
Artificial intelligence is undergoing a shift as fundamental as the move from mainframes to networks.
Capabilities that were once separate modules—attention, memory, reasoning, and planning—are being absorbed into unified, self-organizing systems. The result is a new class of software that does not merely respond, but pursues goals.
From Transformers to Agents traces this transformation from first principles to the boardroom. It begins with the mechanics of attention and the Transformer, then follows the evolution through reinforcement learning, adaptive inference, memory architectures, mixture-of-experts, and world models—before arriving at the question that matters most to every organization:
What changes when software can set its own sub-goals and act on them?
This second edition is substantially expanded. Every chapter includes a new section covering developments through 2026—including reasoning trained through verifiable rewards, natively sparse attention, governed agent memory, real-time interactive world models, and the open protocols now connecting agent ecosystems.
It also confronts the harder evidence: why the overwhelming majority of enterprise pilots never reach production—and what separates the few that succeed.
Written for engineers, architects, and executives alike, From Transformers to Agents moves seamlessly from equations to enterprise operating models without losing either audience.
Author
About the Author
Muralikrishna Sridhar
Dr. Muralikrishna Sridhar is an experienced AI leader with a strong background in managing large-scale AI initiatives, driving business transformation, and scaling AI-driven solutions across industries. With a PhD in AI and a postdoc from the University of Leeds and visiting researcher at Stanford Research Institute, he has successfully led AI strategy, execution, and customer engagement in automotive, construction, and manufacturing for more than 15 years. As a successful entrepreneur, Krishna has co-founded CONXAI Technologies GmbH - a company that provides cutting edge AI solutions for the construction sector. He also co-founded Sparsa AI GmbH, pioneering AI-Agentic innovations for the real economy. Through these ventures, he has been at the forefront of advancing AI solutions that revolutionize industrial operations, human -machine collaboration, and decision-making in real-world enterprise environments. At Accenture, he plays a key role in shaping the AI Agent strategy, defining roadmaps, and driving execution— ensuring AI agents are not just technological innovations but practical solutions that deliver measurable business impact. His expertise lies in bridging AI with enterprise operations, enabling organizations to integrate intelligent automation seamlessly into their workflows.
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