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Geometric Algebra: Multilingual Edition - IT / EN / FR

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Geometric Algebra

Geometric Algebra

Points, vectors and their polynomials

Note on incremental publishing:

This volume is published as it takes shape according to the Leanpub philosophy. The original Italian version (https://leanpub.com/Algebra-Geometrica) guides the development, followed at a short distance by the translations personally curated in English and French (https://leanpub.com/Algebre-geometrique).

Also available in the multilingual bundle [Geometric Algebra Multilingual Bundle](https://leanpub.com/b/geometric-algebra-multilingual-edition-it-en-fr)


To guarantee the maximum expository and mathematical rigor, the publication cadence is not rigid: the indicative objective is the release of a new chapter (or of the relative translated block) roughly every two months. By purchasing now, you will receive for free all the subsequent chapters and errata up to the complete work. You can follow the progress or report typos through the book page on Leanpub.

Audience to which the text is addressed:

All those (mathematicians, engineers, physicists or computer scientists, for example) interested in a vector and multivector calculus independent of Cartesian coordinates, to be used in practical applications (for example, algorithms for sensor fusion), and not entirely satisfied by the current approaches to geometric algebras (both metric and projective) or curious to explore different ones.


Brief description of the content and its objective (Geometry as a "White Box"):

In the traditional analytical approach, space is treated as a pre-existing container and geometric problems are translated into matrices of numerical coordinates. This way of proceeding often behaves like a "black box": the algorithm processes numbers, but the intermediate steps lose the visual and conceptual link with the physical reality of space. Inspired by the original intuition of Hermann Grassmann and the program of Leibniz's characteristica geometrica, this volume proposes a paradigm shift: the algebraic symbols directly denote the geometric objects and the portions of space (for example, points and arrows). In this invariant calculus ("white box"), the introduction of Cartesian coordinates is postponed, operating preliminarily with polynomials of points and vectors capable of preserving in every step their geometric and kinematic meaning.

What Chapter 1 contains: First steps

The first chapter (57 pages with formal treatment, proofs and applicative examples) lays the axiomatic foundations of the poly-point algebra:

Points, weights and affine spaces: The point as an algebraic and geometric generator; distinction between free vectors (linear combinations with null weight) and points of the affine space (combinations with unitary weight).

Polynomials of points and vectors: The associative and distributive product by juxtaposition. The axiom of commutativity: two points or two vectors commute if and only if they are linearly dependent.

Overcoming of Viète's Lex Homogeneorum: The use of non-homogeneous polynomials (multi-points and multi-vectors) understood not as inert forms, but as unified transformation operators.

2-points and bound vectors (cursors): Explicit representation of the line of action, invariance by sliding (principle of transmissibility), pole of reduction and natural decomposition of forces and moments without external artificial constructs.

2-vectors and cyclic bi-points: Equivalence between free bi-vectors and closed polygonal chains of cursors with null translational resultant. Critical dimensional comparison with Gibbs' cross product in ℝ³.

Algebra of the ratio and Cayley's Bracket: Calculation of the ratio between collinear cursors through barycentric transition matrices and invariant determinants. Emergence of the couple (pure moment) in the case of cursors on distinct lines.

3-points and geometric Cramer's Rule: Interpretation of the 3-point as an oriented area and intrinsic proof of Cramer's rule seen as a simple balance of areas of parallelograms subjected to sliding by Cavalieri's principle.

Geometric and physical abstraction: Application of barycentric coordinates to the color space (RGB additive synthesis) and geometric and physical meaning of negative barycentric coordinates as compensation/desaturation light.

Invariant formula of intersection between coplanar lines: Determination of the point of incidence without a priori Cartesian coordinates. A posteriori choice of the basis and visual diagnosis of numerical ill-conditioning.


Prerequisites

The text requires solely two starting skills:

  1. Algebraic prerequisites: Knowing how to manipulate polynomials of letters (associative property, distributive property, factorizations).
  2. Geometric prerequisites: Intuitive capacity to visualize points, arrows, lines and planes in space.
Algèbre Géométrique

Algèbre Géométrique

Points, vecteurs et leurs polynômes

Note sur la publication incrémentale :

Ce volume est publié au fur et à mesure qu'il prend forme selon la philosophie de Leanpub. La version originale italienne (https://leanpub.com/Algebra-Geometrica) guide le développement, suivie à courte distance par les traductions soignées personnellement en anglais (https://leanpub.com/Geometric-Algebra) et en français.

Également disponible dans le pack multilingue [Pack multilingue sur l'algèbre géométrique](https://leanpub.com/b/geometric-algebra-multilingual-edition-it-en-fr)

Pour garantir le maximum de rigueur d'exposition et mathématique, la cadence de publication n'est pas rigide : l'objectif indicatif est la sortie d'un nouveau chapitre (ou du bloc traduit correspondant) environ tous les deux mois. En achetant maintenant, vous recevrez gratuitement tous les chapitres successifs et errata jusqu'à l'œuvre complète. Vous pouvez suivre l'avancement ou signaler des coquilles via la page du livre sur Leanpub.

Public auquel s'adresse le texte :

Tous ceux (mathématiciens, ingénieurs, physiciens ou informaticiens, par exemple) intéressés par un calcul vectoriel et multivectoriel indépendant des coordonnées cartésiennes, à utiliser dans des applications pratiques (par exemple, algorithmes pour la fusion de capteurs), et non tout à fait satisfaits par les approches actuelles des algèbres géométriques (aussi bien métriques que projectives) ou curieux d'en explorer de différentes.

Brève description du contenu et de son objectif (la Géométrie comme "Boîte Blanche") :

Dans l'approche analytique traditionnelle, l'espace est traité comme un contenant préexistant et les problèmes géométriques sont traduits en matrices de coordonnées numériques. Cette façon de procéder se comporte souvent comme une "boîte noire" : l'algorithme traite des nombres, mais les passages intermédiaires perdent le lien visuel et conceptuel avec la réalité physique de l'espace. S'inspirant de l'intuition originaire d'Hermann Grassmann et du programme de la characteristica geometrica de Leibniz, ce volume propose un changement de paradigme : les symboles algébriques dénotent directement les objets géométriques et les portions d'espace (par exemple, points et flèches). Dans ce calcul invariant ("boîte blanche"), l'introduction des coordonnées cartésiennes est postposée, opérant préliminairement avec des polynômes de points et de vecteurs capables de préserver à chaque passage leur signification géométrique et cinématique.

Ce que contient le Chapitre 1 : Premiers pas

Le premier chapitre (57 pages avec traitement formel, démonstrations et exemples applicatifs) jette les fondements axiomatiques de l'algèbre poly-ponctuelle :

Points, poids et espaces affines : Le point comme générateur algébrique et géométrique ; distinction entre vecteurs libres (combinaisons linéaires à poids nul) et points de l'espace affine (combinaisons à poids unitaire).

Polynômes de points et vecteurs : Le produit par juxtaposition associatif et distributif. L'axiome de commutativité : deux points ou deux vecteurs commutent si et seulement s'ils sont linéairement dépendants.

Dépassement de la Lex Homogeneorum de Viète : L'utilisation de polynômes non homogènes (multi-points et multi-vecteurs) compris non comme des formes inertes, mais comme des opérateurs de transformation unifiés.

2-points et vecteurs liés (curseurs) : Représentation explicite de la droite d'action, invariance par glissement (principe de transmissibilité), pôle de réduction et décomposition naturelle de forces et moments sans constructions artificielles externes.

2-vecteurs et bi-points cycliques : Équivalence entre bi-vecteurs libres et chaînes polygonales fermées de curseurs à résultante translationnelle nulle. Comparaison dimensionnelle critique avec le produit vectoriel (cross product) de Gibbs dans ℝ³.

Algèbre du rapport et Bracket de Cayley : Calcul du rapport entre curseurs colinéaires au moyen de matrices de transition barycentrique et de déterminants invariants. Émergence du couple (moment pur) dans le cas de curseurs sur des droites distinctes.

3-points et Règle de Cramer géométrique : Interprétation du 3-point comme aire orientée et démonstration intrinsèque de la règle de Cramer vue comme simple bilan d'aires de parallélogrammes soumis à glissement par le principe de Cavalieri.

Abstraction géométrique et physique : Application des coordonnées barycentriques à l'espace de la couleur (synthèse additive RGB) et signification géométrique et physique des coordonnées barycentriques négatives comme lumière de compensation/désaturation.

Formule invariante d'intersection entre droites coplanaires : Détermination du point d'incidence sans coordonnées cartésiennes a priori. Choix a posteriori de la base et diagnostic visuel du mauvais conditionnement numérique.

Prérequis

Le texte requiert uniquement deux compétences de départ :

  1. Prérequis algébriques : Savoir manipuler des polynômes de lettres (propriété associative, distributive, factorisations).
  2. Prérequis géométriques : Capacité intuitive de visualiser dans l'espace des points, flèches, droites et plans.
Algebra Geometrica

Algebra Geometrica

Punti, vettori e loro polinomi

Nota sulla pubblicazione incrementale:

Questo volume viene pubblicato man mano che prende forma secondo la filosofia di Leanpub. La versione originale italiana guida lo sviluppo, seguita a breve distanza dalle traduzioni curate personalmente in inglese [https://leanpub.com/Geometric-Algebra] e francese [https://leanpub.com/Algebre-geometrique].

Questo libro fa parte di un pacchetto. Puoi ottenere le versioni in Italiano, Inglese e Francese insieme a un prezzo scontato nel [Bundle Multilingue sull'Algebra Geometrica](https://leanpub.com/b/geometric-algebra-multilingual-edition-it-en-fr)

Per garantire il massimo rigore espositivo e matematico, la cadenza di pubblicazione è non rigida: l'obiettivo indicativo è il rilascio di un nuovo capitolo (o del relativo blocco tradotto) all'incirca ogni due mesi.

Acquistando ora, riceverai gratuitamente tutti i successivi capitoli ed errata corrige fino all'opera completa. Puoi seguire l'avanzamento o segnalare refusi tramite la pagina del libro su Leanpub.

Pubblico a cui è rivolto il testo:

Tutti coloro (matematici, ingegneri, fisici o informatici, per esempio) interessati a un calcolo vettoriale e multivettoriale indipendente dalle coordinate cartesiane, da utilizzare in applicazioni pratiche (per esempio, algoritmi per la fusione di sensori), e non del tutto soddisfatti dagli attuali approcci alle algebre geometriche (sia metriche che proiettive) o curiosi di esplorarne di diversi.

Breve descrizione del contenuto e del suo obiettivo (la Geometria come "Scatola Bianca"):

Nell'approccio analitico tradizionale, lo spazio è trattato come un contenitore preesistente e i problemi geometrici vengono tradotti in matrici di coordinate numeriche. Questo modo di procedere si comporta spesso come una "scatola nera": l'algoritmo elabora numeri, ma i passaggi intermedi smarriscono il legame visivo e concettuale con la realtà fisica dello spazio.

Ispirandosi all'intuizione originaria di Hermann Grassmann e al programma della characteristica geometrica di Leibniz, questo volume propone un cambio di paradigma: i simboli algebrici denotano direttamente gli oggetti geometrici e le porzioni di spazio (per esempio, punti e frecce). In questo calcolo invariante ("scatola bianca"), l'introduzione delle coordinate cartesiane viene posticipata, operando preliminarmente con polinomi di punti e di vettori capaci di preservare in ogni passaggio il loro significato geometrico e cinematico.

Cosa contiene il Capitolo 1: Primi passi

Il primo capitolo (57 pagine con trattazione formale, dimostrazioni ed esempi applicativi) getta le fondamenta assiomatiche dell'algebra poli-puntuale:

Punti, pesi e spazi affini: Il punto come generatore algebrico e geometrico; distinzione tra vettori liberi (combinazioni lineari a peso nullo) e punti dello spazio affine (combinazioni a peso unitario).

Polinomi di punti e vettori: Il prodotto per giustapposizione associativo e distributivo. L'assioma di commutatività: due punti o due vettori commutano se e solo se sono linearmente dipendenti.

Superamento della Lex Homogeneorum di Viète: L'uso di polinomi non omogenei (multi-punti e multi-vettori) intesi non come forme inerti, ma come operatori di trasformazione unificati.

2-punti e vettori vincolati (cursori): Rappresentazione esplicita della retta d'azione, invarianza per scorrimento (principio di trasmissibilità), polo di riduzione e scomposizione naturale di forze e momenti senza costrutti artificiali esterni.

2-vettori e bi-punti ciclici: Equivalenza tra bi-vettori liberi e catene poligonali chiuse di cursori a risultante traslazionale nullo. Confronto dimensionale critico con il prodotto vettoriale (cross product) di Gibbs in ℝ³.

Algebra del rapporto e Bracket di Cayley: Calcolo del rapporto tra cursori collineari tramite matrici di transizione baricentrica e determinanti invarianti. Emersione della coppia (momento puro) nel caso di cursori su rette distinte.

3-punti e Regola di Cramer geometrica: Interpretazione del 3-punto come area orientata e dimostrazione intrinseca della regola di Cramer vista come semplice bilancio di aree di parallelogrammi sottoposti a scorrimento per il principio di Cavalieri.

Astrazione geometrica e fisica: Applicazione delle coordinate baricentriche allo spazio del colore (sintesi additiva RGB) e significato geometrico e fisico delle coordinate baricentriche negative come luce di compensazione/desaturazione.

Formula invariante di intersezione tra rette complanari: Determinazione del punto di incidenza senza coordinate cartesiane a priori. Scelta a posteriori della base e diagnosi visiva del malcondizionamento numerico.

Prerequisiti

Il testo richiede unicamente due competenze di partenza:

1. Prerequisiti algebrici: Saper manipolare polinomi di lettere (proprietà associativa, distributiva, raccoglimenti).

2. Prerequisiti geometrici: Capacità intuitiva di visualizzare nello spazio punti, frecce, rette e piani.

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