Cardiovascular Presentations Acute myocardial infarction (STEMI/NSTEMI) Unstable angina Acute decompensated heart failure Hypertensive emergency Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response Supraventricular tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia Bradyarrhythmias (heart block) Cardiac tamponade Pericarditis Aortic dissection Cardiogenic shock Endocarditis Myocarditis Deep vein thrombosis Stress (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy Peripheral arterial occlusion Acute valvular regurgitation Cardiac arrest Asystole Pulmonary Presentations Acute asthma exacerbation COPD exacerbation Community-acquired pneumonia Hospital-acquired pneumonia Aspiration pneumonitis Spontaneous pneumothorax Tension pneumothorax Complex pleural effusion Pulmonary edema Acute respiratory distress syndrome Respiratory failure Upper-airway obstruction Bronchiolitis Croup Hemoptysis Pulmonary hemorrhage Smoke inhalation injury Acute bronchitis Near-drowning Respiratory muscle fatigue Neurologic Presentations Ischemic stroke Hemorrhagic stroke Transient ischemic attack First-time seizure Status epilepticus Migraine headache Tension headache Subarachnoid hemorrhage Subdural hematoma Epidural hematoma Intracerebral hemorrhage Meningitis Encephalitis Brain abscess Guillain–Barré syndrome Bell’s palsy Cauda equina syndrome Myasthenic crisis Spinal cord compression Delirium Gastrointestinal Presentations Acute appendicitis Acute cholecystitis Biliary colic Gallstone pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis Upper GI bleeding Lower GI bleeding Perforated ulcer Mallory–Weiss tear Small-bowel obstruction Large-bowel obstruction Diverticulitis Crohn’s flare Ulcerative colitis flare Mesenteric ischemia Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatic abscess Acute hepatitis Liver failure Gastroenteritis Genitourinary & OB/GYN Presentations Acute urinary retention Simple urinary tract infection Pyelonephritis Kidney stones Renal colic Hydronephrosis Acute kidney injury Glomerulonephritis Testicular torsion Epididymitis Priapism Ovarian torsion Ectopic pregnancy Threatened miscarriage Postpartum bleeding Pelvic inflammatory disease Ureteric colic Urethritis Non-obstetric vaginal bleeding Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia Musculoskeletal & Soft Tissue Presentations Limb fracture Shoulder dislocation Hip fracture Ankle sprain Muscle strain Compartment syndrome Rhabdomyolysis Joint infection Gout flare Soft-tissue contusion Achilles-tendon rupture Bursitis Plantar fasciitis Carpal-tunnel syndrome Trigger finger Shoulder impingement Osteoarthritis flare Bone-tumor presentation Soft-tissue mass Crush injury Dermatologic Presentations Cellulitis Skin abscess Erysipelas Necrotizing skin infection Shingles Psoriasis flare Eczema flare Stevens–Johnson reaction Toxic epidermal necrolysis Drug rash Hives Angioedema Insect bites and stings Fungal skin infection Impetigo Scabies Pressure ulcer Thermal burns Chemical burns Radiation burns Hematologic & Oncologic Presentations Sickle-cell crisis Low platelet count Fever in low-white-cell count Hemolytic anemia First presentation of leukemia First presentation of lymphoma Clotting–bleeding syndrome Over-anticoagulation (warfarin) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Severe iron-deficiency anemia Aplastic anemia Polycythemia complications Microclotting disorder Bleed in bleeding disorder Bleed in factor inhibitor Thalassemia crisis First presentation of multiple myeloma Bone pain from metastases Spleen enlargement crisis Thick blood syndrome Endocrine & Metabolic Presentations Diabetic ketoacidosis Severe high-blood-sugar state Low-blood-sugar episode Thyroid overdrive crisis Severe low-thyroid state Adrenal failure crisis High-adrenal activity crisis Low-salt syndrome High-salt state Low-potassium state High-potassium state Low-calcium state High-calcium state High-lactic acid state Metabolic alkalosis Acute enzyme disorder Excess thyroid hormone state Severe low-thyroid state Refeeding syndrome Vitamin overdose Psychiatric Presentations Acute psychotic break Thoughts of self-harm Mania episode Schizophrenia flare Panic attack Major depression with risk Alcohol withdrawal Alcohol intoxication Cocaine intoxication Opioid intoxication Sedative intoxication Drug overactivation syndrome Medication-induced muscle rigidity Antidepressant overdose Thoughts of harming others Acute anxiety Confusional state Eating-disorder crisis Body-image crisis Acute stress reaction Toxicologic & Poisoning Presentations Pain-reliever overdose Aspirin overdose Opioid overdose Sedative overdose Antidepressant overdose Heart-medication overdose Blood-pressure-medication overdose Iron overdose Carbon-monoxide exposure Cyanide exposure Methanol exposure Antifreeze exposure Pesticide exposure Farm-chemical exposure Snake bite Alcohol intoxication Cannabis intoxication Lead exposure Solvent ingestion Corrosive ingestion Trauma & Environmental Presentations Concussion Head injury Neck-spine injury Broken ribs Internal organ injury Pelvic fracture Long-bone break Crush injury Burns Low-temperature injury Heat stroke Drowning Lightning strike Animal bite Industrial amputation Vehicle collision Explosion injury Gunshot wound Blast-related lung injury Tourniquet injury ENT & Head & Neck Presentations Nosebleed Ear foreign object Nasal foreign object Outer-ear infection Middle-ear infection Deep-ear infection Throat abscess Deep-neck abscess Floor-of-mouth swelling Throat swelling Throat infection Voice-box swelling Vocal-cord paralysis Salivary-gland infection Tracheostomy issue Neck-node infection Ear-pressure injury Skull-base fracture Tonsil bleeding Salivary stone Ophthalmologic Presentations Pink-eye Corneal scratch Retinal detachment Eye-socket infection Eye-interior infection Eye-bleed in front chamber Sudden high eye pressure Chemical splash to eye Eye foreign object Uveal inflammation Optic-nerve inflammation Central artery blockage Central vein blockage Corneal infection White-of-eye inflammation Eye-surface bleed Eye-socket fracture Eye rupture Visual migraine Sudden vision loss