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Mastering Taproot

Unlocking Bitcoin’s Future: Taproot Script Engineering for Developers

The first comprehensive guide to Taproot script engineering. Learn Bitcoin from the inside out — through real testnet transactions, stack execution, and Merkle trees. This book is evolving into an open, testnet-driven Taproot engineering lab.

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About

About

About the Book

A practical, developer-focused guide to real Taproot engineering.

This book is not a conceptual overview. It is a build-and-verify walkthrough: you construct transactions, inspect witness data, and validate results on testnet.

You will learn how to:

  • Build script-path spends (single-leaf → multi-leaf)
  • Verify control blocks and Merkle paths
  • Debug failures at the script / witness layer
  • Read real transactions like an engineer

Free to download

Suggested price: $29

If you can pay, your support funds ongoing updates. If you can’t, you’re still welcome to learn.

Open Engineering Repository

This project is actively maintained as an open engineering effort.

Repository:

https://github.com/aaron-recompile/mastering-taproot

If this book helped you, starring the repository is the simplest way to support the project.

Contact:

aaron.recompile@gmail.com

Author

About the Author

Aaron Zhang

Aaron Zhang is a Bitcoin infrastructure builder and educator focused on reproducible transaction construction, control block analysis, and consensus-level clarity in Bitcoin’s script system.

He publishes technical deep-dives and executable labs to help developers bridge theory and real-world implementation.

Medium: https://medium.com/@aaron.recompile

GitHub: https://github.com/aaron-recompile

Contents

Table of Contents

Join the Mastering Taproot Lab

  1. If you want to go deeper
  2. Resources
  3. Support and Contact

Chapter 1: Private Keys, Public Keys, and Address Encoding

  1. The Cryptographic Hierarchy
  2. Private Keys: The Foundation of Ownership
  3. Public Keys: Cryptographic Verification Points
  4. Address Generation: From Public Keys to Payment Destinations
  5. Address Types and Encoding Formats
  6. Address Format Comparison
  7. The Derivation Model
  8. Practical Implications for Taproot
  9. Chapter Summary

Chapter 2: Bitcoin Script Fundamentals - Stack Operations and P2PKH

  1. 2.1 The UTXO Model: Digital Cash, Not Digital Banking
  2. 2.2 Bitcoin Script and P2PKH Fundamentals
  3. 2.3 Practical Implementation: Building a P2PKH transaction
  4. Chapter Summary

Chapter 3: P2SH Script Engineering - From Multi-signature to Time Locks

  1. 3.1 P2SH Architecture: Scripts Behind the Hash
  2. 3.2 Multi-signature Treasury: 2-of-3 Corporate Security
  3. Phase 1: ScriptSig + ScriptPubKey Execution
  4. P2SH Transition: Stack Reset Mechanism
  5. Phase 2: Redeem Script Execution
  6. 3.3 Time-Locked Inheritance: CSV-Enhanced P2SH
  7. Phase 1: P2SH Hash Verification
  8. Phase 2: CSV + P2PKH Execution
  9. 3.4 P2SH vs P2PKH: Evolution of Script Complexity
  10. Chapter Summary

Chapter 4: Building SegWit Transactions - From Construction to Stack Execution, and Witness Structure and Malleability Solutions

  1. 4.1 Transaction Malleability: The Problem SegWit Solves
  2. 4.2 Creating a Complete SegWit Transaction
  3. 4.3 SegWit Transaction Construction and Analysis
  4. 4.4 P2WPKH Stack Execution Analysis
  5. 4.5 SegWit to Taproot Evolution
  6. 4.6 Chapter Summary

Chapter 5: Taproot: The Evolution of Bitcoin’s Script System

  1. The Taproot Promise: Unified Privacy
  2. Schnorr Signatures: The Mathematical Foundation
  3. Key Tweaking: The Bridge to Taproot
  4. Why This Enables Uniform Appearance
  5. Simple Taproot Transaction: Putting It All Together
  6. Real Transaction Analysis
  7. Taproot Stack Execution: Key Path Spending
  8. The Power of Indistinguishability
  9. Programming Differences: Evolution from SegWit
  10. The Cooperative Advantage
  11. Chapter Summary

Chapter 6: Building Real Taproot Contracts - Single-Leaf Hash Lock and Dual-Path Spending

  1. Why Script Path Changes Everything
  2. Business Scenario: Alice’s Conditional Payment Contract
  3. Taproot Dual-Path Architecture
  4. Taproot’s Commit-Reveal Development Pattern
  5. Single Leaf Hash Lock Script: From Commit to Reveal
  6. Script Path Spending Failed? Debug This Way
  7. Script Path Spending Stack Execution Animation
  8. Key Path vs Script Path: Comparison of Two Spending Methods
  9. The Privacy Revolution: What Makes Taproot Different
  10. Chapter Summary

Chapter 7: Taproot Dual-Leaf Script Tree - Complete Implementation of Hash Lock and Bob Script

  1. From Single-Leaf to Dual-Leaf: The True Power of Taproot Script Trees
  2. Merkle Structure of Dual-Leaf Script Trees
  3. Practical Case Study: Complete Analysis Based On-Chain Transactions
  4. Code Walkthrough: Commit Phase - Dual-Leaf Script Tree Construction
  5. Code Walkthrough: Reveal Phase - Dual-Leaf Script Path Spending Implementation
  6. In-Depth Control Block Analysis
  7. Script Path 1: Hash Script Execution Analysis
  8. Script Path 2: Bob Script Execution Analysis
  9. Dual-Leaf vs Single-Leaf: Merkle Calculation Differences
  10. Programming Best Practices: Building Dual-Leaf Taproot Applications
  11. Performance and Privacy Comparison Analysis
  12. Chapter Summary

Chapter 8: Four-Leaf Taproot Script Tree - Complete Implementation of Enterprise-Grade Multi-Path Spending

  1. Introduction: The Leap from Theory to Practice
  2. Real Case Study: Complete Validation on Testnet
  3. In-Depth Technical Implementation Analysis
  4. Core Implementation of Script Path Spending
  5. Multisig Stack Execution Visualization: OP_CHECKSIGADD Innovation
  6. Four-Leaf Control Block Extension
  7. Common Programming Pitfalls and Solutions
  8. Conclusion: A Milestone in Enterprise-Grade Taproot Applications

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