C# 本事
C# 本事
關於本書
本書的目的是介紹 C# 程式語言的重要特色，以及實務上常用的 .NET 類別（例如集合、LINQ 等）。也就是說，對於像是變數、迴圈、if...else 等基礎語法，本書都不會介紹。我不想讓這本書便得太厚而難以消化。
目前進行中的章節大致如下：
- chapter 1: C# 基礎語法的重要部分。請注意這裡的「基礎語法」，指的並不是如迴圈（例如 for、foreach）、決策（例如 if...else、switch...case）等基本元素，而是其他稍微進階一點、或更便捷的 C# 語法，包括：可為 null 的型別（ nullable types）、 物件初始設定式、 自動實作屬性、匿名型別、擴充方法等等。
- chapter 2：泛型
- chapter 3：委派與 Lambda 表示式
- chapter 4：事件
- chapter 5：C# 6
- chapter 6：C# 7
- chapter 7：列舉器
- chapter 8：LINQ
預計會加入的內容：async/await 語法。
關於作者
Bundles that include this book
Table of Contents
-
關於本書
- 本書定位
- 閱讀方法
- 書寫慣例
- 本書用到的工具
- 範例程式與補充資料
- 版本更新紀錄
- 關於作者
-
1. C# 基礎語法
-
1.1 使用
var宣告隱含型別 -
1.2 使用
dynamic宣告動態型別 -
1.3 可為
null的型別- 1.3.1 宣告與初始化
- 1.3.2 賦值與取值
- 1.3.3 判斷是否有值
-
1.3.4 與非
Nullable型別混用
-
1.4 物件初始設定式
- 1.4.1 集合的初始設定式
- 1.5 自動實作屬性
-
1.6 匿名型別
- 1.6.1 投射初始設定式
- 1.6.2 注意事項
- 1.7 擴充方法
- 1.8 下一步
-
1.1 使用
-
2. 泛型
-
2.1 為什麼要有泛型？
- 2.1.1 手動轉型的問題
- 2.1.2 土法煉鋼
- 2.1.3 泛型之美
-
2.2 細說泛型
- 2.2.1 泛型、型別參數、建構的型別
- 2.2.2 泛型是型別的樣板
- 2.2.3 建構式與解構式
- 2.2.4 預設值的表示法
- 2.2.5 型別參數的條件約束
- 2.2.6 泛型介面與結構
-
2.3 泛型方法
- 2.3.1 型別推斷
- 2.3.2 擴充方法與泛型類別
- 2.4 泛型與 C++ 樣板的差異
-
2.5 泛型的型別相容問題
- 2.5.1 核心概念：型別相容
- 2.5.2 Covariance
- 2.5.3 Contravariance
- 2.6 重點回顧
-
2.1 為什麼要有泛型？
-
3. 委派與 Lambda 表示式
-
3.1 委派
- 3.1.1 為什麼要用委派？
- 3.1.2 C# 1.0 的寫法
- 3.1.3 C# 2.0 的寫法
- 3.1.4 C# 3.0 的寫法
- 3.1.5 泛型委派
-
3.2 Lambda 表示式
- 3.2.1 運算式 lambda
- 3.2.2 陳述式 lambda
- 3.2.3 重點整理：概念圖
- 3.2.4 外部變數
- 3.2.5 運算式樹
- 3.3 總結
-
3.1 委派
-
4. 事件
-
4.1 基礎觀念
- 4.1.1 事件驅動程式設計
- 4.1.2 發行－訂閱模式
-
4.2 使用委派來實作事件
- 4.2.1 宣告委派型別
- 4.2.2 宣告委派變數
- 4.2.3 觸發事件
- 4.2.4 訂閱事件
- 4.2.5 加入與移除事件處理常式
-
4.3 使用
event關鍵字- 4.3.1 提供觸發事件的方法
-
4.4 .NET 事件程式設計的慣例
- 4.4.1 不要傳回值
- 4.4.2 在參數列提供來源物件
-
4.4.3 使用
EventArgs來包裝參數 -
4.4.4 使用現成的
EventHandler型別
-
4.5 更好的設計
- 4.5.1 事件參數僅提供唯讀屬性
- 4.5.2 避免意外中斷事件處理流程
- 4.5.3 使用事件存取子
- 4.5.4 管理大量事件
-
4.6 委派 vs. 事件
- 4.6.1 相同之處
- 4.6.2 相異之處
- 4.7 總結
-
4.1 基礎觀念
-
5. C# 6
-
5.1
nameof表示式 - 5.2 字串插值
-
5.3
Null條件運算子 -
5.4 唯讀自動實作屬性
- 5.4.1 微妙議題：明確實作介面的唯讀屬性
- 5.5 自動屬性的初始設定式
-
5.6 以表示式為本體的成員
- 5.6.1 C# 7 的改進
- 5.7 索引初始設定式
-
5.8
using static陳述式 - 5.9 例外篩選條件
-
5.10
catch和finally區塊中的await
-
5.1
-
6. C# 7
- 6.1 宣告輸出變數
-
6.2 Tuple 語法
- 6.2.1 Tuple 元素名稱推導
- 6.2.2 無法推導元素名稱的情形
- 6.2.3 Tuple 與匿名方法
-
6.3 分解式
- 6.3.1 為類別加入分解式
- 6.3.2 巢狀分解
-
6.4 模式匹配
-
6.4.1 模式匹配之
is陳述式 -
6.4.2 模式匹配之
switch陳述式
-
6.4.1 模式匹配之
-
6.5 區域函式
- 6.5.1 捕捉區域變數
- 6.6 更好讀的數值表示法
-
6.7 Ref Local 與 Ref Return
- 6.7.1 Ref Local
- 6.7.2 Ref Return
- 6.7.3 重新指派 Ref Local
- 6.7.4 用在哪裡？
- 6.7.5 Ref 條件運算式
- 6.7.6 Ref readonly
-
6.8
throw運算式 -
6.9
async Main方法 -
6.10
default運算式- 6.10.1 用於泛型
-
6.11 實值型別具備參考語意
- 6.11.1 in 參數
- 6.11.2 唯讀結構
- 6.11.3 只能放在堆疊的結構（ref struct）
- 6.12 非後置的具名引數
-
6.13
private protected修飾詞 - 6.14 結語
-
7. C# 8
- 7.1 預設介面實作
-
7.2 可為 Null 的參考型別
- 7.2.1 開啟 Nullable Reference Types 功能
- 7.2.2 在個別檔案中使用 #nullable 指示詞
- 7.2.3 專案與方案層級的設定
- 7.3 重點整理
-
8. 列舉器
-
8.1 從
foreach說起 -
8.2
IEnumerator介面 -
8.3
IEnumerable介面 - 8.4 設計「可列舉的」類別
-
8.5
IEnumerable<T>與IEnumerator<T>介面 - 8.6 重點回顧
-
8.1 從
-
9. LINQ
-
9.1 基本觀念
- 9.1.1 C# 的 LINQ 表示式
- 9.1.2 串接語法
- 9.1.3 LINQ 提供者
-
9.1.4
IEnumerable<T>vs.IQueryable<T> - 9.1.5 延遲執行
- 9.1.6 重複求值
-
9.2 實務練習
- 9.2.1 篩選
- 9.2.2 排序
- 9.2.3 尋找單一項目
- 9.2.4 判斷是否符合特定條件
- 9.2.5 轉換物件
- 9.2.6 計數、最大／最小值、平均、彙總
- 9.2.7 分組
- 9.2.8 產生序列
- 9.2.9 擴增查詢結果
- 9.2.10 父子關聯
-
9.3 LINQ 進階練習
- 9.3.1 誰的分數最高？
- 9.4 重點回顧
-
9.1 基本觀念
-
10. 非同步呼叫
- 10.1 結語
-
附錄 A：Visual Studio 的專案設定
- 指定編譯時所使用的 C# 版本
- 調整編譯器的警告
-
附錄 B：安裝與設定 Visual Studio Code
- 安裝
- 版權頁
- 備註
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