.NET 依赖注入
.NET 依赖注入
關於本書
本书内容是关于 .NET 相依性注入（dependency injection；简称 DI）的相关议题。透过本书，您将会了解：
- 什么是 DI、它有什么优点、何时使用 DI、以及可能碰到的陷阱。
- 如何运用 DI 应付容易变动的软件需求，设计出更弹性、更好维护的程序代码。
- 与 DI 有关的设计模式。
- DI 于 .NET 应用程序中的实务应用，包括 ASP.NET MVC、ASP.NET Web API 等等。
- 如何使用 DI 容器（例如 Unity）来协助开发应用程序。
本书的范例皆以 C# 撰写，读者无须具备任何 DI 背景知识。
建议您先读完本书的试阅章节（包含本书第一章完整内容），以评估这本书是否适合你。
關於作者
書籍目錄
-
- 序
- 致谢
-
关于本书
- 谁适合阅读本书
- 如何阅读本书
- 书写惯例
- 需要准备的工具
- 范例程序与补充材料
- 关于作者
-
Part I：基础篇
-
第 1 章：导论
-
为什么需要 DI？
- 可维护性
- 宽松耦合
- 可测试性
- 平行开发
-
什么是 DI？
- 入门范例—非 DI 版本
-
入门范例—DI 版本
- 提炼接口（Extract Interface）
- 控制反转（IoC）
- 何时该用 DI？
- 本章回顾
-
为什么需要 DI？
-
第 2 章：DI 用法与模式
-
设计模式梗概
- 小引－电器与接口
- Null Object 模式
- Decorator 模式
- Composite 模式
- Adapter 模式
- Factory 模式
-
注入方式
-
构造函数注入
- 已知应用例
- 用法
- 范例程序
-
属性注入
- 已知应用例
- 用法
- 范例程序
-
方法注入
- 已知应用例
- 用法
- 范例
-
构造函数注入
-
Ambient Context 模式
- 已知应用例
- 范例程序（一）
- 范例程序（二）
- Service Locator 模式
-
过犹不及－再谈构造函数注入
-
半吊子注入
- 阻止相依蔓延
- 解决「半吊子注入」
-
过度注入
- 重构成参数对象
- 重载构造函数
- 重构成 Façade 模式
-
半吊子注入
- 本章回顾
-
设计模式梗概
-
第 3 章：DI 容器
-
DI 容器简介
- 对象组合
-
自制 DI 容器
- 自制 DI 容器—2.0 版
- 现成的 DI 容器
-
对象组合
- 使用 XML
- 使用代码
- 自动注册
- 自动匹配
- 深层解析
-
对象生命周期管理
- 内存泄漏问题
- 生命周期选项
-
拦截
- 使用 Decorator 模式实现拦截
- 本章回顾
-
DI 容器简介
-
第 1 章：导论
-
Part II：实战篇
-
第 4 章：DI 与 ASP.NET MVC 分层架构
-
分层架构概述
- Repository 模式
-
MVC 分层架构范例 V1－紧密耦合
- 领域模型
- 数据访问层
- 应用层
- 表示层
- 审视目前设计
-
MVC 分层架构范例 V2－宽松耦合
- 领域模型
- 数据访问层
- 应用层
- 表示层
-
组合对象
- 切换 Controller 工厂
- 审视目前设计
- 避免过度设计
-
MVC 分层架构范例 V3－简化一些
- 数据访问层
- 应用层
- 表示层
- 审视目前设计
- 一个 HTTP 请求搭配一个 DbContext
-
ASP.NET MVC 5 的
IDependencyResolver-
实现自定义的
IDependencyResolver组件
-
实现自定义的
- 本章回顾
-
分层架构概述
-
第 5 章：DI 与 ASP.NET Web API
-
ASP.NET Web API 管线
- Controller 是怎样建成的？
- 注入对象至 Web API Controller
-
抽换 IHttpControllerActivator 服务
- 纯手工打造
- 使用 DI 容器：Unity
-
抽换 IDependencyResolver 服务
- IDependencyResolver 与 IDependencyScope
-
纯手工 DI 范例
-
步骤 1：实现
IDependencyResolver接口 - 步骤 2：替换默认的类型解析器
-
步骤 1：实现
- 使用 DI 容器：Unity
- 使用 DI 容器：Autofac
- 本章回顾
-
ASP.NET Web API 管线
-
第 6 章：更多 DI 实现范例
- 共享代码
-
DI 与 ASP.NET MVC 5
-
练习：使用 Unity
- Step 1：建立新项目
- Step 2：设定 Unity 容器
- Step 3：建立 Controller
-
练习：使用 Unity
-
DI 与 ASP.NET Web Forms
- 问题描述
- 解法
-
练习：使用 Unity
- Step 1：建立新项目
- Step 2：注册类型
- Step 3：编写 HTTP Handler
- Step 4：注册 HTTP Handler
- Step 5：编写测试页面
- 练习：使用 Unity 的 BuildUp 方法
-
练习：使用 Autofac
- Step 1：建立新项目
- Step 2：注册类型
- Step 3：编写 HTTP Handler
- Step 4：注册 HTTP Handler
- Step 5：编写测试页面
-
DI 与 WCF
- 问题描述
- 解法
-
练习：使用 Unity
- Step 1：建立 WCF 服务
- Step 2：编写自定义的 ServiceHostFactory
- Step 3：编写自定义的 ServiceHost
- Step 4：实现 IContractBehavior 接口
- Step 5：实现 IInstanceProvider 接口
- Step 6：设定 Unity 容器
- Step 7：修改 Web.config
- Step 8：编写客户端程序
-
练习：使用 Autofac.Wcf 套件
- Step 1：建立 WCF 服务
- Step 2：编写自定义的 ServiceHostFactory
- Step 3：设定 Autofac 容器
- Step 4：修改 Web.config
- Step 5：编写客户端程序
- 本章回顾
-
第 4 章：DI 与 ASP.NET MVC 分层架构
-
Part III：工具篇
-
第 7 章：Unity 学习手册
-
Unity 快速入门
- Hello, Unity!
- 注册类型对应
- 注册现有对象
-
解析
-
解析一个对象：
Resolve - 具名注册与解析
-
解析多个对象：
ResolveAll
-
解析一个对象：
- 注册与解析泛型
- 检查注册
-
使用配置文件来设定容器
- Unity 配置文件基本格式
- 加载配置文件设定
-
注册与解析－进阶篇
-
共享的范例程序
- 情境
- 设计
- 代码
-
自动注册
- 解决重复类型对应的问题
-
AllClasses类型 -
WithMappings类型
-
自动匹配
- 自动匹配规则
-
手动匹配
- 循环参考问题
- 注入参数
- 注入属性
-
延迟解析
-
使用
Lazy<T> - 使用自动工厂
-
使用
- 注入自定义工厂
-
共享的范例程序
-
对象生命周期管理
- 默认的生命周期
-
指定生命周期
- Transient vs. Per-Resolve
- Per-Request 生命周期
- 阶层式容器
- 选择生命周期管理员
-
拦截
-
使用 Unity 容器实现拦截
- Step 1：加入 Unity 的拦截扩展包
- Step 2：实现拦截行为
- Step 3：注册拦截行为
-
使用 Unity 容器实现拦截
- 结语
-
Unity 快速入门
-
附录一：DI 容器实务建议
-
容器设定
- 避免对同一个组件（DLL）重复扫描两次或更多次
- 使用不同类型来注册不同用途的组件
- 使用非静态类型来建立与设定 DI 容器
- 不要另外建立一个 DLL 项目来集中处理依赖关系的解析
- 为个别组件加入一个初始化类型来设定依赖关系
- 扫描组件时，尽量避免指定组件名称
-
生命周期管理
- 优先使用 DI 容器来管理对象的生命周期
- 考虑使用子容器来管理 Per-Request 类型的对象
- 在适当时机调用容器的 Dispose 方法
-
组件设计相关建议
- 避免建立深层的巢状对象
- 考虑使用泛型来封装抽象概念
- 考虑使用 Adapter 或 Façade 来封装 3rd-party 组件
- 不要一律为每个组件定义一个接口
- 对于同一层（layer）的组件，可依赖其具象类型
-
动态解析
- 尽量避免把 DI 容器直接当成 Service Locator 来使用
-
考虑使用对象工厂或
Func<T>来处理晚期绑定
-
容器设定
-
附录二：初探 ASP.NET 5 的自带 DI 容器
-
练习步骤
- 步骤 1：建立项目
- 步骤 2：加入必要组件
- 步骤 3：将 Web API 组件加入 ASP.NET 管线
- 步骤 4：加入 API Controller
- 步骤 5：编写测试用的服务类型
- 步骤 6：注入相依对象至 Controller 的构造函数
- 结语
-
练习步骤
-
第 7 章：Unity 学习手册
- 備註
關於出版社
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