Gradual Modularization for Ruby and Rails
Gradual Modularization for Ruby and Rails
Improve collaboration, system design, and flexibility
About the Book
For the longest time, Ruby and Rails developers had gems and engines as their main tools for creating structure to manage large-scale structures within their applications. This book is about a new tool in their toolbelt: packages.
Based on the work on packwerk by Shopify packages allow a much more fluid move to modularization then components ever did. The effects are astounding: discussions about where to draw boundaries can be far less technical and focus more on the business because the underlying technology gets out of the way.
The concept underlying this is gradual modularization, which the author expects we will see spread into other languages and frameworks over the coming years. Why? Because gradual modularization allows for a not-before seen level of approachability and flexibility to modularization work. Work that required difficult decisions that were hard to reverse changes. Those decisions are now the extreme points on a spectrum of options where the right thing for the team can be somewhere in between.
Table of Contents
- Acknowledgments
-
1 Introduction to Package-based Rails Applications
- 1.1 The inescapable challenges with components
-
1.2 Component-based Challenges
- 1.2.1 External dependency drift
- 1.2.2 Configuration drift
- 1.2.3 Global impact of local changes
-
2 Getting started with packaging in a Rails application
- 2.1 Let’s get started
-
2.2 From one to many packages
- 2.2.1 Packwerk packages vs gems as components
- 2.2.2 A completely packagified application
- 2.2.3 Introducing app/packages
- 2.2.4 Getting things to work
- 2.2.5 Making packwerk packages
- 2.2.6 Visualizing dependencies
- 2.3 Accepting the intended dependencies - explicitly adding package dependencies
- 2.4 Removing the circular dependencies - creating rails_shims package
- 2.5 Analyzing and removing root dependencies (almost) - Aligning app and test code
- 2.6 Removing all dependencies from root
- 2.7 Recapping differences and similarities to components
-
3 Gradual Modularization: A New Model for Application Composition
- 3.1 Gradual Typing as a Role Model
- 3.2 Commonalities of previous modularization approaches
-
3.3 Gradularity - Modularization Game Changer
- 3.3.1 Enforce Visibility
- 3.3.2 Allow privacy circumvention
- 3.3.3 API versioning
- 3.3.4 Enforcing a package namespace
- 3.3.5 Enforcing a separate database
- 3.3.6 Enforcing a typed API
- 3.3.7 Enforcing proper documentation
- 3.3.8 Configurable failure modes
- 3.3.9 Here is my code, run it in the cloud for me, I do not care how
- 3.3.10 Analyze to modularize the right stuff
- 3.3.11 Caveats
- 3.3.12 Managing the caveats
-
4 Making Components work with Packages
- 4.1 Engines
-
4.2 Gems
- 4.2.1 Converting the gem fully into an engine
- 4.2.2 Converting the gem into an engine (as little as possible!)
-
5 Dependency Violation Management Refactorings
- 5.1 Do absolutely nothing
- 5.2 Accept the dependency
- 5.3 Merge the two packages
- 5.4 Split the violated package
- 5.5 Move the code between packages
- 5.6 Duplicate the functionality
- 5.7 Abstract away the dependency
-
5.8 Dependency injection
- 5.8.1 Naive dependency injection
- 5.8.2 Dependency injection with typing
- 5.8.3 Dependency injection with typing and type abstraction
- 5.9 Dependency Location - The service locator pattern
-
5.10 Emit and listen to events
- 5.10.1 To event or not to event - and where?
- 5.10.2 Calculating backend responses with events
- 5.10.3 Determining where to send responses
- 5.10.4 Wiring backend and frontend together
- 5.10.5 The package effect of eventing
- 5.11 Beyond dependency refactorings
-
6 Privacy Violation Management Refactorings
-
6.1 Packages without consumers should protect their public API
- 6.1.1 The root package
- 6.1.2 The UI and admin packages
-
6.1.3
packages/prediction_interface
and interface classes
- 6.2 Expose existing service classes
- 6.3 Expose existing service classes
- 6.4 ActiveRecord handled naively
-
6.5 Hide ActiveRecord
-
6.5.1 A new form of
Team
-
6.5.2 A
TeamRepository
to manage teams - 6.5.3 Migrating consumers to the new API
-
6.5.1 A new form of
-
6.1 Packages without consumers should protect their public API
-
7 Big Rails
- 7.1 The giants who’s shoulders we stand on
- 7.2 Gusto’s Big Rails work supporting Gradual Modularity
- 7.3 Stimpack
- 7.4 BigRails Teams
- 7.5 ParsePackwerk
- 7.6 Code ownership
- 7.7 PackageProtections
- 7.8 Danger::Packwerk
- 7.9 ModularizationStatistics
- 7.10 Honorable mentions: More of Gusto’s BigRails
- 7.11 The Structure of BigRails
- Notes
The Leanpub 60-day 100% Happiness Guarantee
Within 60 days of purchase you can get a 100% refund on any Leanpub purchase, in two clicks.
See full terms
Do Well. Do Good.
Authors have earned$11,586,736writing, publishing and selling on Leanpub, earning 80% royalties while saving up to 25 million pounds of CO2 and up to 46,000 trees.
Learn more about writing on Leanpub
Free Updates. DRM Free.
If you buy a Leanpub book, you get free updates for as long as the author updates the book! Many authors use Leanpub to publish their books in-progress, while they are writing them. All readers get free updates, regardless of when they bought the book or how much they paid (including free).
Most Leanpub books are available in PDF (for computers), EPUB (for phones and tablets) and MOBI (for Kindle). The formats that a book includes are shown at the top right corner of this page.
Finally, Leanpub books don't have any DRM copy-protection nonsense, so you can easily read them on any supported device.
Learn more about Leanpub's ebook formats and where to read them
Top Books
SignalR on .NET 6 - the Complete Guide
Fiodar SazanavetsLearn everything there is to learn about SignalR and how to integrate it with the latest .NET 6 and C# 10 features. Learn how to connect any type of client to SignalR, including plain WebSocket client. Learn how to build interactive applications that can communicate with each other in real time without making excessive calls.
The easiest way to learn design patterns
Fiodar SazanavetsLearn design patterns in the easiest way possible. You will no longer have to brute-force your way through each one of them while trying to figure out how it works. The book provides a unique methodology that will make your understanding of design patterns stick. It can also be used as a reference book where you can find design patterns in seconds.
Jetpack Compose internals
Jorge CastilloJetpack Compose is the future of Android UI. Master how it works internally and become a more efficient developer with it. You'll also find it valuable if you are not an Android dev. This book provides all the details to understand how the Compose compiler & runtime work, and how to create a client library using them.
Functional event-driven architecture: Powered by Scala 3
Gabriel VolpeExplore the event-driven architecture (EDA) in a purely functional way, mainly powered by Fs2 streams in Scala 3!
Leverage your functional programming skills by designing and writing stateless microservices that scale, powered by stateful message brokers.
Tech Giants in Healthcare
Dr. Bertalan MeskoThis comprehensive guide, Tech Giants in Healthcare, clarifies how and why big tech companies step into healthcare, and breaks it down from one market player to the other in what direction they are going, what tools they are using and what horizons they have in front of them.
OpenIntro Statistics
David Diez, Christopher Barr, Mine Cetinkaya-Rundel, and OpenIntroA complete foundation for Statistics, also serving as a foundation for Data Science.
Leanpub revenue supports OpenIntro (US-based nonprofit) so we can provide free desk copies to teachers interested in using OpenIntro Statistics in the classroom and expand the project to support free textbooks in other subjects.
More resources: openintro.org.
Ansible for DevOps
Jeff GeerlingAnsible is a simple, but powerful, server and configuration management tool. Learn to use Ansible effectively, whether you manage one server—or thousands.
C++20 - The Complete Guide
Nicolai M. JosuttisAll the new language and library features of C++20 (for those who know previous versions).
The book presents all new language and library features of C++20. Learn how this impacts day-to-day programming, to benefit in practice, to combine new features, and to avoid all new traps.
Buy early, pay less, free updates.
Other books:
CCIE Service Provider Version 4 Written and Lab Exam Comprehensive Guide
Nicholas RussoThe service provider landscape has changed rapidly over the past several years. Networking vendors are continuing to propose new standards, techniques, and procedures for overcoming new challenges while concurrently reducing costs and delivering new services. Cisco has recently updated the CCIE Service Provider track to reflect these changes; this book represents the author's personal journey in achieving that certification.
R Programming for Data Science
Roger D. PengThis book brings the fundamentals of R programming to you, using the same material developed as part of the industry-leading Johns Hopkins Data Science Specialization. The skills taught in this book will lay the foundation for you to begin your journey learning data science. Printed copies of this book are available through Lulu.
Top Bundles
- #1
All the Books of The Medical Futurist
6 Books
We put together the most popular books from The Medical Futurist to provide a clear picture about the major trends shaping the future of medicine and healthcare. Digital health technologies, artificial intelligence, the future of 20 medical specialties, big pharma, data privacy, digital health investments and how technology giants such as Amazon... - #2
Practical FP in Scala + Functional event-driven architecture
2 Books
Practical FP in Scala (A hands-on approach) & Functional event-driven architecture, aka FEDA, (Powered by Scala 3), together as a bundle! The content of PFP in Scala is a requirement to understand FEDA so why not take advantage of this bundle!? - #3
Software Architecture for Developers: Volumes 1 & 2 - Technical leadership and communication
2 Books
"Software Architecture for Developers" is a practical and pragmatic guide to modern, lightweight software architecture, specifically aimed at developers. You'll learn:The essence of software architecture.Why the software architecture role should include coding, coaching and collaboration.The things that you really need to think about before... - #4
CCIE Service Provider Ultimate Study Bundle
2 Books
Piotr Jablonski, Lukasz Bromirski, and Nick Russo have joined forces to deliver the only CCIE Service Provider training resource you'll ever need. This bundle contains a detailed and challenging collection of workbook labs, plus an extensively detailed technical reference guide. All of us have earned the CCIE Service Provider certification... - #6
Pattern-Oriented Memory Forensics and Malware Detection
2 Books
This training bundle for security engineers and researchers, malware and memory forensics analysts includes two accelerated training courses for Windows memory dump analysis using WinDbg. It is also useful for technical support and escalation engineers who analyze memory dumps from complex software environments and need to check for possible... - #7
Modern C++ Collection
3 Books
Get All about Modern C++C++ Standard Library, including C++20Concurrency with Modern C++, including C++20C++20Each book has about 200 complete code examples. Updates are included. When I update one of the books, you immediately get the updated bundle. You can expect significant updates to each new C++ standard (C++23, C++26, .. ) and also... - #8
Linux Administration Complet
4 Books
Ce lot comprend les quatre volumes du Guide Linux Administration :Linux Administration, Volume 1, Administration fondamentale : Guide pratique de préparation aux examens de certification LPIC 1, Linux Essentials, RHCSA et LFCS. Administration fondamentale. Introduction à Linux. Le Shell. Traitement du texte. Arborescence de fichiers. Sécurité... - #10
Growing Agile: The Complete Coach's Guide
7 Books
Growing Agile: Coach's Guide Series This bundle provides a collection of training and workshop plans for a variety of agile topics. The series is aimed at agile coaches, trainers and ScrumMasters who often find themselves needing to help teams understand agile concepts. Each book in the series provides the plans, slides, handouts and activity...