Getting started with Java on the Raspberry Pi
Getting started with Java on the Raspberry Pi
A lot of small and bigger examples to introduce you to Java (11+), JavaFX (11+), Pi4J, Spring, Queues... with hardware projects on the Raspberry Pi.
About the Book
When I first managed to blink an LED connected to a Raspberry Pi with Java, I was super excited! Controlling physical things with some lines of code is magic! This book includes a lot of info and history about Java itself and how to install it on the Raspberry Pi. Also, a lot of tips and tricks to become or be a better developer. And above all many simple examples on these and even more other topics:
- The magic of Bits and Bytes and solving the confusion of Java signed values with the help of a led number display.
- Beautiful user interfaces made with JavaFX so you can interact with the hardware.
- Pi4J applications to be able to control different types of hardware like LEDs, buttons, displays, led strips, relais boards and more.
- Spring applications so you can interact with your Pi via web interfaces.
- How to set up a queue so you can send and receive messages to and from Arduino boards or other Pi's.
- Interviews with some of my heroes: Karen Mouws (STEM and diversity), Trisha Gee (IntelliJ IDEA), Xiaokai He (Visual Studio Code), Alexander Belokrylov (BellSoft Liberica JDK), Jakob Jenkov (tutorials.jenkov.com), Johan Vos (OpenJFX, JavaFX and GluonHQ), Gerrit Grunwald (JavaFX, TilesFX), Mark Heckler (Spring), Vlad Mihalcea (JPA, Hibernate)
- And a lot of other inspirational ideas and getting started examples, to be able to build your dream do-it-yourself project.
My goal was to collect all the information I which would have been bundled at the time I started my own experiments with Java on the Raspberry Pi. If you are new to Java, you will learn the language bit by bit by following the examples. As an experienced Java programmer, you will learn how you can extend your knowledge and control the world around you with simple and inexpensive components.
About the Author
Table of Contents
-
Chapter 1: Introduction
- Content overview
- About me
-
Sources and scripts used in this book
- Where to find them
- Get the sources
- The styling used in the book
-
Read the README!
- Guidelines
- Example
- What’s next?
- Thanks to…
-
Chapter 2: Tools and hardware used in this book
-
Raspberry Pi
- Prepare the Pi
- Connections between Pi and breadboard
-
Software tools on the Pi
- Linux commands crash course
- Firefox
- VNC server
- Enable SSH on the Pi
-
Free software tools on PC
- Integrated development environment aka IDE
- Remote connection to a Raspberry Pi (SSH)
- Wiring diagrams
- Schematic drawings
-
Hardware components
- Resistors
- LEDs
- RGB-LED
- LED strips
- Electronic kit with Arduino board
-
Raspberry Pi
-
Just a thought: Learn by educating
- Interview with Karen Mouws
-
Chapter 3: Choosing an IDE
-
IntelliJ IDEA
- Using IntelliJ IDEA with the example projects
- Interview with Trisha Gee
-
Visual Studio Code (VSC)
- VSCodium the free non-tracking alternative to VSC
- Java development with Visual Studio Code
- Using Visual Studio Code on the PC with code on the Pi
- Interview with Xiaokai He
-
IntelliJ IDEA
-
Chapter 4: About Java
- History
- Java files versus byte code
-
JVM versus JRE versus JDK
- JVM = Java Virtual Machine
- JRE = Java Runtime Environment
- JDK = Java Development Kit
- Version history
-
JDK providers
- Oracle
- AdoptOpenJDK
- Azul Zing and Zulu
- BellSoft Liberica
- Interview with Alexander Belokrylov
-
Installing the Java JDK
- Install Java JDK on a Windows PC
- Install Java JDK on a Linux PC with SDKMAN
- Install Java JDK on a Raspberry Pi
-
Some of the changes between Java versions
- Changes between Java 8 and 11
- What’s next after Java 11?
-
Java crash course
- HelloWorld! Running a single-file Java-application
- Using the start-up arguments
- Working with numbers
- If, Then, Else
- Enum and Switch
- Using methods
- Using objects
- Reading a text file
- Using streams
- What’s next?
- Interview with Jakob Jenkov
-
Chapter 5: Raspberry Pi pinning
-
Raspberry Pi types
- Models
- Major versions
- Board versions
-
Pin types
- Power and ground
- Digital GPIO
-
Pin functions
- Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter (UART - Serial)
- General Purpose Clock (GPCLK)
- Inter Integrated Circuit (I²C)
- Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
- Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)
-
Header types
- 40-pin header
- 26-pin header - Type 1 and 2
- 8-pin header
-
Different pinning numbering schemes
- Board (pin) number
- BCM number
- WiringPi number
-
Raspberry Pi types
-
Chapter 6: What is Maven?
-
Install Maven
- On Windows PC
- On Raspberry Pi
-
Generate a new Maven project
- Project structure
- A minimal pom.xml example
- Maven pom-files used in this book
- Add application logging with Maven and log4j
-
Install Maven
- Just a thought: Abbreviations
-
Chapter 7: About JavaFX
- History
- Interview with Johan Vos
-
Sample libraries to extend JavaFX
- TilesFX
- FXRibbon
- ControlsFX
- PickerFX
- Interview with Gerrit Grunwald
-
Minimal JavaFX 11 sample application
- Add new archetypes to Maven
- Creating an empty application
- Running the empty application from Visual Studio Code
- Running the application on the Pi
-
Example 1: TilesFX dashboard
- Wiring and testing in terminal
- Blink an LED with Java
- Building our first JavaFX application
- Run the application on PC
- Run the application on the Pi
- Conclusion
- Start a Java application when the Pi starts up
- Disable screensaver
-
Example 2: Interact with an I²C relay board
- Enable and test I²C
- Coding the I²C controller application
- Running the relay controller on the Pi
-
Example 3: Build a UI with FXML
- Generate an empty FXML project as a starting point
- Scene Builder
- Just a thought - Beware of the PAF
-
Chapter 8: Bits and bytes
- Convert bits to a numeric and hex value
- Calculate a byte value
-
Value ranges in Java
- Difference between Byte, Short, Integer and Long
- Minimum and maximum values in Java
- Signed versus unsigned
- Conclusion
-
What can we do with this?
- Web colors
- Controlling a numeric segment display
-
Chapter 9: PI4J
- Installation
-
Programming with Pi4J
- Sources
- Maven dependencies
- Running the examples
-
Digital GPIO input and output examples
- Example 1: Digital output with RGB-LED
- Example 2: Digital input with a button
- Example 3: Distance sensor
-
PWM example
- Wiring a single LED
- Code to control an LED with PWM
- Running the example
-
SPI example with MAX7219 and 8x8 LED-matrix
- Wiring
- SPI example code
- Running the application and created matrix output
- SPI conclusion
-
Serial communication example with an Arduino
- Wiring
- Arduino code
- Detecting the serial interface on the Pi
- Raspberry Pi code
- Running the Java serial application
- What’s next
-
LCD-display with the weather forecast
- Wiring to connect an LCD to the Pi
- Get an AppID on OpenWeatherMap
- Weather LCD application code
- Running the LCD weather application
- Conclusion
- Just a thought: Switching social
-
Chapter 10: Spring
- What is Spring Boot?
- What is Spring Initializr?
- Interview with Mark Heckler
-
Example 1: Minimal webserver on the Pi
- Start from the Initializr project and modify pom.xml
- Application properties
- Image controller
- Swagger config
- Run on the Pi
- Conclusion
-
Example 2: Database REST-service for IoT data on Pi
- pom.xml settings
- Creating the database entities
- Storing data in the database
- Adding the REST-services
- Adding Swagger
- Running the application and using the REST-services
- Configuration to run on the Pi
- Conclusion
- Interview with Vlad Mihalcea
-
Example 3: REST-service on the Pi to toggle an LED
- Info REST-controller
- GPIO Manager
- GPIO REST-controller
- Running the application on a Pi
- Conclusion
-
Example 4: Reactive data
- The code
- Running the streaming application on the Pi
- Conclusion
- Just a thought: Impostor Syndrome
-
Chapter 11: Message Queues
-
Using Mosquitto on the Pi
- Installation
- Testing Mosquitto on the Pi
-
Example 1: Share data between Pi and PC
- Modifying the pom and module-info
- Connecting and publishing to Mosquitto
- Subscribing to Mosquitto
- The user interface
-
Example 2: Control Arduino from JavaFX via Mosquitto
- Defining the messages
- The Arduino part
- The Java application
- The finished setup
- Tip: Checking the network packages between Arduino and Pi
-
Using Mosquitto on the Pi
- Conclusion
- Notes
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