Traditional Chinese Character Dictionary
Traditional Chinese Character Dictionary
Neil Keleher
Buy on Leanpub

Introduction

One of the challenges of learning to read and write Chinese is knowing how to look up Chinese characters.

When I first arrived in Taiwan I started copying restaurant menu’s so that I could learn the characters and their meanings. I had to use a paper dictionary to look up characters.

I either used the radical index or the stroke count index to find the desired characters because I didn’t know their pronounciation.

Later on I began copying text from childrens books to help me learn Chinese. With childrens books the advantage was that each character was accompanied by it’s zhuyin phonetic meaning that I could also look up the character by its pronounciation.

When I got a computer, I decided to create my own database of characters so that I wouldn’t have to keep looking the same characters up. My goal was a tool that allowed me to enter characters (say that I was copying from a book or menu or other resource) and would automatically show me characters that I had already looked up but that would also help me figure out the meanings of character groups based on context.

As I began learning to use Cangjie codes to type Chinese characters, my personal Chinese dictionary became a tool for looking up Cangjie codes. I would type a word using pinyin and then use the dictionary to find the Cangjie code. I’d then practice typing the character using Cangjie to help me remember the code.

The advantages of this system are that it comes built into the Mac operating system software. Also, you don’t have to know the sound of the character in order to type it. And it allows you in a lot of cases to touch type Chinese. The exceptions are cases where the same Cangjie code can be used to type more than one Chinese character.

As my dictionary became more comprehensive I tried to figure out ways to turn it into a useful tool for others. So that it was more useful for myself I organized characters by their Cangjie codes. I eventually figured out that organizing characters by their cangjie codes was actually also a good way to look up chinese characters. You don’t have to know the characters radical or it’s stroke count. You simply need to be able to figure out a characters’ initial element. And from there I’ve grouped characters by their sub elements so that characters are easy (or relatively easy) to find.

As an example, here is one of the sub-groupings for the H element (H is used to type the Bamboo element 竹 or any downward/leftward stroke).

The additional letters show the code for the top-most or left most element below the bamboo element.

The other side benefit of this organization is that it can make it easy to figure out how to type using cangjie codes.

While this dictionary is far from a complete resource, it can be a useful supplement to other dictionaries. Each entry includes the English definition, plus “words” made up of two or more characters. Plus each entry includes the Chinese characters Cangjie Code in letters and symbols, plus the characters radical and stroke count.

It also comes with a phonetic index. The phonetic index includes Zhuyin, Yale and Gwoyeuh Romatzyh as an aid to learning character pronounciation.

  • The Gwoyeuh Romatzyh is a toneless writing system that uses spelling to help English speakers pronounce Chinese tones more authentically.
  • The Yale system uses tones but the spelling makes it easier to sound authentic than does pinyin spelling.

Cangjie Decomposition

The trick to learning to use this dictionary is learning some basic cangjie decomposition.

Because I’ve sorted the characters based on their sub elements as well as initial elements, it can be pretty easy to see which cangjie codes correspond to what particular elements of a character, but to make it easier to see I’ve created the following simple lessons. Note that these focus on the initial elements of a character, which are of main importance if you want to look up a character.

Making Character Recall Easier

Because I also like to write Chinese characters by hand, I find that typing with this method is actually helpful in helping me to remember characters. I have to remember, or at least be familiar with the shape of the character in order to type it. And that makes it easier to remember how to write it by hand also.

A bonus is that this input method is included in the Mac operating system. And that’s one of the reasons that I chose to learn it.

But even if you aren’t interested in learning to type Chinese Characters, the Cangjie method offers a simple way of looking up characters and all you have to do is learn the 24 basic character elements and their variations.

A Character Elements (日)

The Sun character component 日 corresponds to the letter a.

Any character with this character component in the top, left or top left part of a character can be found in the A section of the cangjie index.

It is also the first code element in more complex elements like: 巴(au), 艮(av), 門(an).

B Character Elements (月)

The Moon character element 月 corresponds to the letter b.

Note the variations 冂冖⺆⺥爫 and the following examples:

骨 (bbb), 丹 (by), 凸 (bss), 目 (bu), 貝 (buc), 見 (buhu), 且 (bm).

C Character Elements (金)

The Metal character element 金 corresponds to the letter c.

It can also be used to represent two “outward” or “inward” slashes 丷.

Note that this element can be confused with variations of the 人character element (letter o).

It can also be confused with variations of the 火 character element. However, the f element represents three strokes ⺌ at the top of a character or character element, not two 丷.

Examples: 兮 (cmvs), 谷 (cor), 丫 (cl)

D Character Elements (木)

The Wood character element 木 corresponds to the letter d. It is also used to represent some “cross-shaped” elements with hooks at the end of the horizontal stroke or hooks at the bottom of the vertical stroke.

i.e. 才 (dh), 韋 (dmrq), 皮 (dhe)… note that this code, dhe, also represents the character 板.

E Character Elements (水)

The Water character element 水 corresponds to the letter e. As a radical it is usually written as three dots to the left of the character i.e. 汨 (ea), 鯊 (ehnwf).

It is also used to represent this element: 叉(ei).

F Character Elements (火)

The Fire character element 火 corresponds to the letter F. As a radical it is usually written as four dots 灬 at the bottom of a character element. It is also used to represent three dots at the top of an element (⺌,⺍).

e.g. 少 (fh), 半 (fq), 光 (fmu), 肖 (fb), 敝 or 敞 (fbok), 脊 fbc), 眷 (fqbu) 米 (fd), 鄰 (fqnl).

Note that for left most (or top most) elements only the first and last elements are used in the characters overall code. So for the left part of 鄰 the full code would be fdniq, but since it is the left part of a character only the first and last elements are used, namely f and q.

G Character Elements (土)

The character element for Ground 土 corresponds to the letter g. As part of other characters, the character for soldier or scholar 士 is also represent by the letter g. 去 (gi), 勢 (giks), 赤 (glnc), 幸 (gtj), 毐 (gwj), 敖 (gsok), 壺 or 壷 (gblm), 冉 (gb)

H Character Elements (竹)

The character element for Bamboo 竹 corresponds to the letter H.

In general the bamboo element represents any downwards and leftwards stroke (丿 or 𠂆).

e.g. 得 (hoami), 八 (ho), 戶 or 勹 or 乍 (hs), 卬 (hvsl) 留 (hhw).

Note that for 乍, the code “os” can also be used.

I Character Elements (戈)

The character element for Spear 戈 and/or Dot 丶 (the hole created by a spear) or 广 is represented by the letter i.

Note the variations: 戈 (i), 廁 (ibcn), 良 (iav), 禍 (ifbbr), 之 (ino), 凋 (imbgr), 州 (ilil), 能 (ibpp).

J Character Elements (十)

The character element for Cross 十 is represented by the letter j.

Some examples: 士 (jm), 七 (ju), 者 (jka), 支 (je), 古 (jr), 朝 (jjb), 直 (jbmm), 巿 (jb), 妻 (jlv), 事 (jlln), 車 (jwj), 專 (jidi), 擊 or 撃 (jeq), 南 (jbtj) 宴 (jav), 未 (jd), 麥 (joni).

K Character Elements (大)

The character element for Big 大 is represented by the letter k. It also represents “x” shapes and “reverse-k” shapes:

夷 or 九 or 𡯁 (kn), 爻 (kk), 有 (kb), 在 (klg), 九 (kn), 力 (ks), 帶 (kpblb), 犭(kh), 疒 (k).

L Character Elements (中)

The character element for Vertical Line (中 or 丨 or 丿 or 肀 or 衤) is represented by the letter l. It can be found in the following simple and complex character elements: 虫 (lmi), 史 (lk), 巾 (lb), 由 (lw), 婁 (llv), 聿 (llq), 片 (llml), 鬥 (ln), 川 (lll), 兆 (lmuo), 北 (lmp), 非 (lmsy), 弗 (lln), 初 (lsh), 衤 or 肀 (l).

M Character Elements (一)

The Horizontal line character element 一 is represented by the letter m. Some character combinations beginning with this element include: 麗 (mmbbp), 武 (mpylm),

N Character Elements (弓)

The N code is used to represent any bow like 弓 or hook like 亅, ⺄, 乛 elements.

危 (nmsu), 色 (nau), 角 (nbg), 魚 (nwf), 疋 (nyo), 了 (nn), 子 (nd), 甬 (nibq), 予 (ninn), 矛 (ninh), 夕 (ni), 多 (nini), 又 (nk), 乃 (nhs), 建 (nklq), 陽 (nlamh).

O Character Elements (人)

The o code represents Person 人 or roof-like elements.

Some examples: 但( oam), 條 (olod), 隹 (og), 乞 (on), 氛 (oncsh), 年 (oq), 矢 (ok), 坐 (oog), 肉 (obo), 入 (oh), 丘 (om).

P Character Elements (心)

The p code represents heart 心, 忄, 㣺 and some other shapes highlighted below.

旬 (pa), 勿 (phh), 也 (pd), 世 (pt), 旨 (pa), 比 (pp).

Q Character Elements (手)

The q code represents hand 手 or a cross like shape with two horizontal elements e.g. 捍 (qamj), 踅 (qlryo), 青 (qmb), 責 (qmbuc), 邦 (qjnl) 契 (qhk), 彗 (qjsm), 春 (qka), 夫 (qo).

R Character Elements (口)

The r code represents a mouth 口 or other square shapes. Note that it is different from the square shaped enclosure that the w code is used for.

e.g. 吧 (rau), 鵑 (rbhaf), 咒 (rrhn), 足 (ryo), 呂 (rhr), 民 (rvp).

S Character Elements (尸)

The s code represents corpse 尸 or this shape among others: 𠃌.

Characters whose Cangjie code begins with s include: 刷 (sbln), 辟 (srytj), 尺 (so), 已 (su), 尹 (sk), 帚 (smblb), 刁 (sm), 羽 (smsim), 凹 (ssu), 耳 (sj), 匯 (seog), 巨 (ss), 熙 (suf), 匹 (sc), 賢 (sebuc), 馬 (sqsf), 長 (smv).

T Character Elements (廿)

The t code represents grass 艸/艹 and other similar “top” elements.

e.g. 草 (taj), 萌 (tab), 前 (tbln), 敬 (trok), 并 (tt), 羊 (tq), 羯 (tqapv), 鑿 (tec), 廿 (t), 革 (tlj), 昔 (ta), 其 (tmmc), 甘 (™), 井 (tt).

U Character Elements (山)

The u character element represents mountain 山 and other “u” shapes.

examples: 嵋 (uahu), 凶 (uk), 幽 (uvii), 艸 (uu), 匕 (uh).

V Character Elements (女)

The v character element represents woman 女 and other hooked shapes. Note that the hook represented by this element is in the opposite direction to the hook represented by the n element.

examples: 以 (vio), 剝 (veln), 災 (vvf), 幻 (vis), 鄉 (vhiil), 樂 (vid), 糸 (vif), 矕 (vfbu), 爿 (vlm), 將 (vmbdi).

W Character Elements (田)

The w element represents field 田 and other square shapes with a cross as well as complete enclosures.

Examples: 畔 (wfq), 壘 (wwwg), 甲 (wl), 果 (wd), 里 (wg), 黑 (wgf), 墨 (wgfg), 毋 (wj), 四 (wc), 買 (wlbuc).

Y Character Elements (卜)

The y element represents divination 卜, a lid with a dot 亠, and the ⻍ radical.

Examples of characters whose cangjie code begins with the y element: 占 (yr), 卓 (yaj), 睿 (ybmcu), 虎 (yphu), 覷 (ymbuu), 止 (ylm), 此 (ymp), 齒 (ymuoo), 主 (yg), 亡 (yv), 方 (yhs), 衣 (yhv), 亥 (yvho), 充 (yihu), 玄 (yvi), 六 (yc), 文 (yk), 亢 (yhn), 亦 (ylnc), 哀 (yrhv), 享 (yrnd), 高 (yrbr), 稟 (ywrd), 齊 (yx), 言 (ymmr), 斗 (yj), 竭 (ytapv), 辛 (ytj), 新 (ydhml), 剖 (yrln), 音 (yta), 意 (ytap), 龍 (ybysp), 商 (ycbr), 遏 (yapv).

Index Quick Links

Cangjie Index

A/日 B/月 C/金 D/木 E/水
F/火 G/土 H/竹 I/戈 J/十
K/大 L/中 M/一 N/弓 O/人
P/心 Q/手 R/口 S/尸 T/廿
U/山 V/女 W/田 Y/卜 X

Phonetic Index

A B C D E F G H J K L M N O P Q R S T W X Y Z

Initial Element Code Reference

Index: A/日 Codes

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

Phonetic Index

A

A

A Ai An Ang Ao

Ai

An

Ang

Ao

B

Ba

Ba Bai Ban Bang Bao Bei Ben Beng Bi Bian Biao Bie Bin Bing Bo Bu

Bai

Ban

Bang

Bao

Bei

Ben

Beng

Bi

Bian

Biao

Bie

Bin

Bing

Bo

Bu

C

Ca

Ca Cai Can Cang Cao Ce Cen Ceng Cha Chai Chan Chang Chao Che Chen Cheng Chi Chong Chou Chu Chuai Chuan Chuang Chui Chun Chuo Ci Cong Cou Cu Cuan Cui Cun Cuo

Cai

Can

Cang

Cao

Ce

Cen

Ceng

Cha

Chai

Chan

Chang

Chao

Che

Chen

Cheng

Chi

Chong

Chou

Chu

Chuai

Chuan

Chuang

Chui

Chun

Chuo

Ci

Cong

Cou

Cu

Cuan

Cui

Cun

Cuo

D

Da

Da Dai Dan Dang Dao De Dei Deng Di Dian Diao Die Ding Diu Dong Dou Du Duan Dui Dun Duo

Dai

Dan

Dang

Dao

De

Dei

Deng

Di

Dian

Diao

Die

Ding

Diu

Dong

Dou

Du

Duan

Dui

Dun

Duo

E

E

E En Er

En

Er

F

Fa

Fa Fan Fang Fei Fen Feng Fo Fou Fu

Fan

Fang

Fei

Fen

Feng

Fo

Fou

Fu

G

Ga

Ga Gai Gan Gang Gao Ge Gei Gen Geng Gong Gou Gu Gua Guai Guan Guang Gui Gun Guo

Gai

Gan

Gang

Gao

Ge

Gei

Gen

Geng

Gong

Gou

Gu

Gua

Guai

Guan

Guang

Gui

Gun

Guo

H

Ha

Ha Hai Han Hang Hao He Hei Hen Heng Hong Hou Hu Hua Huai Huan Huang Hui Hun Huo

Hai

Han

Hang

Hao

He

Hei

Hen

Heng

Hong

Hou

Hu

Hua

Huai

Huan

Huang

Hui

Hun

Huo

J

Ji

Ji Jia Jian Jiang Jiao Jie Jin Jing Jiong Jiu Ju Juan Jue Jun

Jia

Jian

Jiang

Jiao

Jie

Jin

Jing

Jiong

Jiu

Ju

Juan

Jue

Jun

K

Ka

Ka Kai Kan Kang Kao Ke Ken Keng Kong Kou Ku Kua Kuai Kuan Kuang Kui Kun Kuo

Kai

Kan

Kang

Kao

Ke

Ken

Keng

Kong

Kou

Ku

Kua

Kuai

Kuan

Kuang

Kui

Kun

Kuo

L

La

La Lai Lan Lang Lao Le Lei Leng Li Lia Lian Liang Liao Lie Lin Ling Liu Lo Long Lou Lu Luan Lue Lun Luo Luu

Lai

Lan

Lang

Lao

Le

Lei

Leng

Li

Lia

Lian

Liang

Liao

Lie

Lin

Ling

Liu

Lo

Long

Lou

Lu

Luan

Lue

Lun

Luo

Luu

M

Ma

Ma Mai Man Mang Mao Me Mei Men Meng Mi Mian Miao Mie Min Ming Miu Mo Mou Mu

Mai

Man

Mang

Mao

Me

Mei

Men

Meng

Mi

Mian

Miao

Mie

Min

Ming

Miu

Mo

Mou

Mu

N

Na

Na Nai Nan Nang Nao Ne Nei Nen Neng Ni Nian Niang Niao Nie Nin Ning Niu Nong Nou Nu Nuan Nue Nuo Nuu

Nai

Nan

Nang

Nao

Ne

Nei

Nen

Neng

Ni

Nian

Niang

Niao

Nie

Nin

Ning

Niu

Nong

Nou

Nu

Nuan

Nue

Nuo

Nuu

O

O

O Ou

Ou

P

Pa

Pa Pai Pan Pang Pao Pei Pen Peng Pi Pian Piao Pie Pin Ping Po Pou Pu

Pai

Pan

Pang

Pao

Pei

Pen

Peng

Pi

Pian

Piao

Pie

Pin

Ping

Po

Pou

Pu

Q

Qi

Qi Qia Qian Qiang Qiao Qie Qin Qing Qiong Qiu Qu Quan Que Qun

Qia

Qian

Qiang

Qiao

Qie

Qin

Qing

Qiong

Qiu

Qu

Quan

Que

Qun

R

Ran

Ran Rang Rao Re Ren Reng Ri Rong Rou Ru Ruan Rui Run Ruo

Rang

Rao

Re

Ren

Reng

Ri

Rong

Rou

Ru

Ruan

Rui

Run

Ruo

S

Sa

Sa Sai San Sang Sao Se Sen Seng Sha Shai Shan Shang Shao She Shei Shen Sheng Shi Shou Shu Shua Shuai Shuan Shuang Shui Shun Shuo Si Song Sou Su Suan Sui Sun Suo

Sai

San

Sang

Sao

Se

Sen

Seng

Sha

Shai

Shan

Shang

Shao

She

Shei

Shen

Sheng

Shi

Shou

Shu

Shua

Shuai

Shuan

Shuang

Shui

Shun

Shuo

Si

Song

Sou

Su

Suan

Sui

Sun

Suo

T

Ta

Ta Tai Tan Tang Tao Te Teng Ti Tian Tiao Tie Ting Tong Tou Tu Tuan Tui Tun Tuo

Tai

Tan

Tang

Tao

Te

Teng

Ti

Tian

Tiao

Tie

Ting

Tong

Tou

Tu

Tuan

Tui

Tun

Tuo

W

Wa

Wa Wai Wan Wang Wei Wen Weng Wo Wu

Wai

Wan

Wang

Wei

Wen

Weng

Wo

Wu

X

Xi

Xi Xia Xian Xiang Xiao Xie Xin Xing Xiong Xiu Xu Xuan Xue Xun

Xia

Xian

Xiang

Xiao

Xie

Xin

Xing

Xiong

Xiu

Xu

Xuan

Xue

Xun

Y

Ya

Ya Yai Yan Yang Yao Ye Yi Yin Ying Yo Yong You Yu Yuan Yue Yun

Yai

Yan

Yang

Yao

Ye

Yi

Yin

Ying

Yo

Yong

You

Yu

Yuan

Yue

Yun

Z

Za

Za Zai Zan Zang Zao Ze Zei Zen Zeng Zha Zhai Zhan Zhang Zhao Zhe Zhen Zheng Zhi Zhong Zhou Zhu Zhua Zhuai Zhuan Zhuang Zhui Zhun Zhuo Zi Zong Zou Zu Zuan Zui Zun Zuo

Zai

Zan

Zang

Zao

Ze

Zei

Zen

Zeng

Zha

Zhai

Zhan

Zhang

Zhao

Zhe

Zhei

Zhen

Zheng

Zhi

Zhong

Zhou

Zhu

Zhua

Zhuai

Zhuan

Zhuang

Zhui

Zhun

Zhuo

Zi

Zong

Zou

Zu

Zuan

Zui

Zun

Zuo

Entries

A Entries

riˋ

Sun, day, day time, daily, day of the month, Japan, Japanese

chang¯

Prosperous, flourishing, abundant, proper words, straight talk

jing¯

Crystal, radiant, bright

yun¯ yunˋ

Confused, faint, dizzy, discombobulated, (yun4), halo, fog

gaoˇ

Sun Shine, bright sun

huangˇ huangˋ

Bright, dazzling, briliant

angˊ

Raise Head, soar high, high spirited, proud, pride

maoˇ

Pleiades Constellation

sheng¯

Rise, ascend, hoist, elevate, promote

xing¯

Star, astral body, sun

shengˋ

Splendor, brightness

zaoˇ

Early, morning

shuˇ

Summer, hot weather

yanˋ

Late, quiet, peaceful

danˋ

Dawn, morning, day break

liangˋ liangˊ

Measure, estimate, amount, quantity, capacity

shiˋ

Is, am, are, be, yes

hanˋ

Dry, drought

tanˊ

Cloudy, overcast, dark clouds

zeˋ

Decline, sun set, declining moon or sun, afternoon

chenˊ

Dawn, day break, morning

haoˋ

Clear Summer Sky, summer time, heaven, vast

yiˋ

Easy, amiable, lenient, change, barter

kun¯

Kunlun Mountain, Kunlun mountain, descendent, elder brother

baoˋ

Sudden, violent, brutal, cruel, injure

minˊ

Autumn, heaven

jingˇ

Circumstances, scenery, surroundings, view

yuˋ

Bright Light, dazzling, sun light

puˋ

Tan, dry in the sun, expose, air out

mingˊ

Bright, clear, light, understand, Ming Dynasty

nuanˇ

Warm, gentle, pleasant, warmth, warming

aiˋ

Obscure, dim, ambiguous, vague, clandestine

hui¯

Sunshine, brilliant, radiant, bright

mingˊ

Dark, (Ming4) Night

xi¯

Clear, evident, understanding

xiaoˇ

Dawn, daybreak, tell, explain, know, understand, realize, recognize

shiˊ

Time (At That Time), fashionable, sometimes, era, season, epoch

xin¯

Dawn, early morning

shangˇ

Noon, measurement for area that can be sown in one day

bu¯

Afternoon From 3 To 5 Pm

kuangˋ

Wilderness, wilds, waste

meiˋ

Hide, conceal, obscure, unaware, ignorant, dim, dark

xuan¯

Warm, comfortable, friendly, fluffy

yingˋ

Mirror, reflect, dazzle, shine, project (send out)

shaiˋ

Bask, sun bathe, enjoy the sun, be outdoors in the sun

wangˋ

Prosper, flourish

wuˋ

Meet With, interview

shaiˋ

Expose To Sun

wanˇ

Late, evening, night

huiˋ

Dark, obscure, last day of lunar cycle,

zuoˊ

Yesterday, former times, in the past

yunˊ

Sun Light

qingˊ

Sunny, clear sky, fine weather, not raining

xiaˊ

Leisurely, flawed

zhao¯

Bright, luminous, evident, clear, prominent, obvious

yaoˋ

Shine, dazzle, daylight, sunshine

yeˋ

Sparkle, radiant, bright

[](#cangjieindex) xi¯

Sunshine, Sunshine, sunlight

xi¯

Sunlight, early dawn, light of day

shuˇ

Dawn

liangˋ

Air Dry, sun dry

tun¯

Morning Sun, sun rise

anˋ

Dark, hidden, gloomy, secret

mengˊ

Allies, allience, pledge or oath of allegiance

yingˇ

Picture, image, shadow, reflection

kun¯

Giant Bird

dengˇ

Small Steelyard For Weighing Money

ti¯

Scrape Of Meat

tiˊ

Topic/Title, headline, theme, forehead

haoˋ

Bright, luminous, white

xianˇ

Clear, evident, obvious, on display

xie¯

Rest, cross legs

chiˊ shi˙

Spoon, key

xuˋ

Warm And Coazy

zhaoˋ

Take A Picture, photograph, shine, reflect, illuminate, use image, take care of, reflection, recording, reason, according to

yue¯

Describe, speak, say, radical 73

maoˋ

Venture Out, risk, dare, brave, bold

xuˋ

Exhort, preach, adivse

mianˇ

Ceremonial Cap, crown

zuiˋ

Most, extreme

manˋ

Long, extended, elegant, graceful

meiˊ

Eyebrow, upper margin of a book

genˋ

Trigram For Mountain

jiˋ

Already, still, since, both, not only

jiˋ

Cum, reach, attain, and

jiˊ

Then, accordingly, immediate, prompt, right away, now

menˊ

Door(S), gate, entrance, door way, opening, category, division

jian¯ jianˋ

Space, room, between, among, interval of time

xianˊ jian¯

Leisure, free time, leasurely, carefree, quiet, comfortable, peaceful

yueˋ

Experience, gather, collect, examine, look at, read, study, inspect, review

biˋ

Shut, close, obstruct, block

xianˊ

Idle, unoccupied, not busy

lanˊ

Exhaust, deplete

kuoˋ

Broad, wide, rich, ample

gui¯

Women’S Quarters

geˊ heˊ

Council Chamber, side door, entire, whole, all

geˊ

Council Chamber

yan¯

Castrate, eunuch

minˇ

Fujian Province, Fujian Province, river, tribe

shuan¯

Bolt, latch, crossbar

runˋ

Intercalary, extra month (like a leap year but pertaining to lunar calendar), surplus, extra

kai¯

Open, start, drive, begin, hold an event, operate, run, write

yanˊ

Village Gate

queˋ

Close, shut, watch tower, section of a song

shanˇ

Flash, lightning, blitz, blitzkrieg, scintillate, twinkle, flicker, strain (a muscle), dodge, evade, avoid

ge¯

Small Side Door, chamber

faˊ

Valve, clique, group

men¯ menˋ

Oppressed, muffled, shut indoors, suffocate, cover, silente, quiet

wenˋ

Ask, question, problem, inquire

luˊ

Gate Of A Village

chanˇ

Express, make clear, elaborate, clarify

banˇ

Boss, owner

piˋ

Provide

chuangˇ chuangˋ

Rush, cause, go through, rush through, (chuang4), cause a disaster, hit

wenˊ

Learn, sense, smell, hear, detect, ask, make known, understand, news

que¯ queˋ

Watchtower, famous sword

guan¯

Relationship, relate, concerned with, shut, close, frontier passage

zhaˊ

Sluice, flood gate, water gate, canal lock

heˊ

Obstruct, block, separate, prevent

minˇ

Feel Compassion, mourne, grieve, incite

an¯

Hidden, closed, shut off, dark, dismal

ba¯

Hope, wish, chin, (suffix for nouns), (particle of exclamation), (translit.)