The HTTP/3 Book
The HTTP/3 Book
A straightforward, practical guide to using and understanding HTTP/3 and QUIC
About the Book
This book offers an easy-to-understand overview of HTTP/3, the latest version of the hypertext transfer protocol, and QUIC, the new transport protocol designed to enhance the speed, security, and reliability of internet connections. As replacements for HTTP/2 and TCP, these protocols aim to solve persistent issues and bring useful improvements to web performance, particularly for those that need it most.
Whether you're a web developer, a networking beginner, or simply curious about how the web works, this guide provides a clear and concise explanation of these modern technologies.
The idea is not to overwhelm you with extreme detail, or provide an exhaustive reference – there is too much to cover in the stack of RFCs that make up the entirety of HTTP/3 and QUIC, and you don't need to know most of those details if your primary objective is just to get your site served securely and reliably over HTTP/3.
We'll take a look at how we got to this point, why these new protocols were needed, explore the basics of HTTP/3 and QUIC, and how to deploy and test your configuration. By the end, you'll have a solid foundation to understand these new technologies, their impact on the web, and know how to use them to deliver your own web services.
About the Author
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- About the author
- Terminology
- How did we get here?
- What did HTTP/2 change?
- Binary protocol
- Header compression
- Multiplexing
- Server push
- TLS-only
- What problems does HTTP/2 have?
- Head of line blocking
- Network switching
- It’s stuck with TCP
- TCP congestion control
- Server push is unpopular
- What are QUIC and HTTP/3?
- Network layers
- Connection improvements
- Head of line blocking
- Network switching
- Header compression
- Security upgrade
- Prioritisation
- HTTP/3 implementations
- HTTP/3 connections
- Initial connections
- Resumed connections
- Pipelining and multiplexing
- WebSockets over HTTP/3
- QUIC networking
- It’s much like TCP
- Packet numbering
- Round trip time (RTT) measurement
- Packet loss recovery
- Congestion control
- TLS integration
- Deploying HTTP/3
- Alt-Svc DNS records
- SVCB DNS records
- Which method should you choose?
- Deploying HTTP/3 via CDNs
- Configuration for HTTP/3
- Caddy
- Nginx
- Microsoft IIS
- Apache
- HAProxy
- Firewalls
- Cloud provider security groups
- Optimising for HTTP/3
- Don’t bundle resources
- Use fewer domains
- Use
async,defer, andpreload
- Use
rel=preconnectandrel=dns-prefetch
- Apply UDP optimisations
- Testing HTTP/3
- Testing tools
- HTTP version test site
- Waterfall analysis
- HTTP/3 problems
- The future of QUIC
- HTTP/3 and QUIC resources
- RFCs
- Articles and blog posts
- Tools
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