System Design (System Design)
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System Design

Learn how to design systems at scale and prepare for system design interviews

About the Book

System design interviews can be quite open-ended and intimidating as it is a very extensive topic. There can be multiple solutions to even the most basic system design problems. The objective of this book is to help you learn the fundamentals and explore the advanced topics of system design. This will also provide you with a reliable strategy to prepare for system design interviews.

About the Author

Karan Pratap Singh
Karan Pratap Singh

A software engineer who values learning and growing with people, teams, and technologies.

Presently, I am working as a Senior Software Engineer at Curebase where I am helping to build a decentralized clinical trial platform while scaling infrastructure with a focus on security, HIPAA, and GDPR compliance.

Previously I've worked with the Digitization Program Office (DPO) at the Smithsonian Institution as a consulting Full Stack Engineer in collaboration with the Office of the Chief Information Officer (OCIO).

Table of Contents

  • Preface
  • License
  • Getting Started
    • What is system design?
  • Chapter I
    • IP
    • OSI Model
    • TCP and UDP
    • Domain Name System (DNS)
    • Load Balancing
    • Clustering
    • Caching
    • Content Delivery Network (CDN)
    • Proxy
    • Availability
    • Scalability
    • Storage
  • Chapter II
    • Databases and DBMS
    • SQL databases
    • NoSQL databases
    • SQL vs NoSQL databases
    • Database Replication
    • Indexes
    • Normalization and Denormalization
    • ACID and BASE consistency models
    • CAP theorem
    • PACELC Theorem
    • Transactions
    • Distributed Transactions
    • Sharding
    • Consistent Hashing
    • Database Federation
  • Chapter III
    • N-tier architecture
    • Message Brokers
    • Message Queues
    • Publish-Subscribe
    • Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
    • Monoliths and Microservices
    • Event-Driven Architecture (EDA)
    • Event Sourcing
    • Command and Query Responsibility Segregation (CQRS)
    • API Gateway
    • REST, GraphQL, gRPC
    • Long polling, WebSockets, Server-Sent Events (SSE)
  • Chapter IV
    • Geohashing and Quadtrees
    • Circuit breaker
    • Rate Limiting
    • Service Discovery
    • SLA, SLO, SLI
    • Disaster recovery
    • Virtual Machines (VMs) and Containers
    • OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect (OIDC)
    • Single Sign-On (SSO)
    • SSL, TLS, mTLS
  • Chapter V
    • System Design Interviews
    • URL Shortener
    • WhatsApp
    • Twitter
    • Netflix
    • Uber
  • Appendix
    • Next Steps
    • References

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