Notes
1Skinner, B. F. (1983). A Matter of Consequences. p116, 164. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. New York, NY. ↩
2Mike Williams. GameIndustry.biz. “Zynga’s high-speed, data-driven design vs console development”. Posted 08/06/2012↩
3 Vikas Shukla. Valuewalk.com. “Zynga Inc (ZNGA) Unveils ‘Riches of Olympus’ Slots Game”. Posted 02/07/2014.↩
4Richard Bartle, “Hearts, Clubs, Diamonds, Spades: Players Who suit MUDs”. 04/1996.↩
5Gabe Zichermann. Slideshare: “A game designer’s view of gamification” by Richard Bartle. Posted 06/24/2012.↩
6Wikipedia Entry: “pwn”: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwn. Accessed 12/18/2014.↩
7Don Tapscott and Anthony D. Williams. Wikinomics. P75. Portfolio Publishing. September 28, 2010.↩
8Wikimedia Blog. “Who are Wikipedias Donors”. 02/05/2012.↩
9Maney, Kevin. “Apple’s ‘1984’ Super Bowl Commercial Still Stands as Watershed Event”. USA Today. January 28, 2004.↩
10Orwell, George. Nineteen Eighty-Four. Secker & Warburg. 1949.↩
11Youtube, “Apple - 1984” URL: http://www.yukaichou.com/1984↩
12Friedman, Ted. Electric Dreams: Computers in American Culture, 2005.↩
13Hormby, Tom. Low End Mac. “Think Different: The Ad Campaign that Restored Apple’s Reputation”. 8/10/2013.↩
14Siltanen, Rob. Forbes. “The Real Story Behind Apple’s ‘Think Different’ Campaign”. 12/14/2011.↩
16In Norse mythology and the Comic Book Marvel Universe, Mjolnir is the divine thunder hammer of Thor.↩
17Jujing, Guo. The Twenty-four Paragons of Filial Piety. Yuan Dynasty (1260–1368).↩
18Zamzee Blog. “New Research Shows Zamzee Increases Physical Activity by Almost 60%”. 09/06/2012.↩
19Groden, Claire. Times. “TOMS Hits 10 Million Mark on Donated Shoes”. 06/26/2013.↩
20Burbano, Jaime. Gamificators Blog. “Gamification for a Better World”. 10/27/2013.↩
21Lebo, Lauri. ReligionDispatches.org. University of Southern California.”Atheists and Christians Compete to Give More”. 1/19/2011.↩
22AOTW. “Spoleto Restaurant: Beautiful women don’t pay”. Accessed 1/20/2015.↩
23Wikipedia Entry “Cartmanland”: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartmanland. Accessed 1/19/2015.↩
24Up in the Air Official Website: theupintheairmovie.com↩
25Stephen Worchel, Jerry Lee, and Akanbi Adewole. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 32(5),906-914. “Effects of supply and demand on ratings of object value”. 11/1975.↩
26The discerning Octalyst may identify that there is a heavy focus of Black Hat Core Drives here. We will return to why sales and closing deals mostly appeals to Black Hat Core Drives, while workplace motivation mostly appeals to White Hat Core Drives in Chapter 14.↩
27Oren Klaff. Pitch Anything. P64. 1 edition. McGraw-Hill. 02/16/2011.↩
28Noah Goldstein, Steve Martin, and Robert Cialdini. Yes! 50 Scientifically Proven Ways to Be Persuasive. P9. Simon & Schuster. New York, NY. 2010.↩
29E. Roy Weintraub. The Concise Encyclopedia Of Economics. Neoclassical Economics. 2007.↩
30Robert Cialdini. Influence: Science and Practice. 5th Edition. P2. Pearson Education. Boston, MA. 08/08/2008.↩
31Daniel Kahneman. *Thinking, Fast and Slow.” P41. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. New York, NY. 2013.↩
32Wikipedia Entry, “Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi”: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihaly_Csikszentmihalyi. Accessed 1/20/2015.↩
33Brian Wansink. Mindless Eating: Why We Eat More Than We Think. Bantam. 10/17/2006.↩
34Seth Priebatsch. TEDx Boston. “Game Layer on top of our world”. 07/2010.↩
35Nir Eyal. Hooked. Kindle Version v 1.0. Chapter 2: Trigger. 2014.↩
36MarketWatch. “Candy Crush Maker Reports Lower Revenue Earnings”. 11/06/2014.↩
37Image by Shamus from http://www.shamusyoung.com/twentysidedtale/?p=8660.↩
38Daniel Cooper. Engadget. “Sony’s Evolution UI tries to make learning Android fun”. 04/30/2014.↩
40This is an actual example of a designed experience. For those hardcore Octalysis Learners out there, see if you can envision how these effects might take place from a specific set of events↩
41Arnaud Chevallier. Powerful-Problem-Solving.com. “Be MECE (mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive)”. 07/02/2010.↩
42Daniel Pink. Drive. Penguin Group, New York, NY. 2009.↩
43Daniel Pink. Drive. Pages 107 - 128. Penguin Group, New York, NY. 2009.↩
44Michael Wu. Lithium Science of Social Blog. “Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Rewards (and Their Differences from Motivations)”2/18/2014.↩
45Deward L. Deci. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 18: 114. “Effects of Externally Mediated Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation.” 1971.↩
46Mark Lepper, David Greene, and Robert Nisbett. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 28, no. 1. P129-137. “Undermining Children’s Intrinsic Interest with Extrinsic Rewards: A Test of the ‘Overjustification’ Hypothesis”. 1973.↩
47Dan Ariely, Uri Gneezy, George Lowenstein, and Nina Mazar. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Working Paper No. 05/-11. “Large Stakes and Big Mistakes”. 07/23/2005.↩
48Bernd Irlenbusch. London School of Economics and Political Science. “LSE: When Performance-Related Pay Backfires.” 06/25/2009.↩
49Dan Ariely. New York Times. “What’s the Value of a Big Bonus”. 11/20/2008.↩
50Creativity Development and Innovation for SMEs“Exercise 6: The Candle Problem”. http://icreate-project.eu/index.php?t=245↩
51Sam Glucksberg. Journal of Experimental Psychology 63. P36-41.“The Influence of Strength of Drive on Functional Fixedness and Perceptual Recognition”. 1962.↩
52Creativity Development and Innovation for SMEs“Exercise 6: The Candle Problem”. http://icreate-project.eu/index.php?t=245↩
53Creativity Development and Innovation for SMEs“Exercise 6: The Candle Problem”. http://icreate-project.eu/index.php?t=245↩
54Dan Ariely. Predictably Irrational. P76. Harper Perennial. New York, NY. 2010.↩
55Ibid. P78-82.↩
56Dan Ariely. Predictably Irrational. P75. Harper Perennial. New York, NY. 2010.↩
57Dan Ariely. Predictably Irrational. P81. Harper Perennial. New York, NY. 2010.↩
58Nir Eyal. Hooked. Kindle Version v 1.0. 2014.↩
59Wikipedia Entry, “Mega Man”: http://www.yukaichou.com/megaman. Accessed 02/09/2015.↩
60Wikipedia Entry, “Defense of the Ancients”: http://www.yukaichou.com/dota↩
61Wikipedia Entry, “League of Legends”: http://www.yukaichou.com/LoL↩
62Wikipedia Entry, “Counter Strike”: http://www.yukaichou.com/CS↩
63Wikipedia Entry, “Call of Duty”: http://www.yukaichou.com/CD↩
64Wikipedia Entry, “Search Engine Optimization”: http://www.yukaichou.com/SEO↩
65Zynga Official Website: zynga.com↩
66Mike Williams. Gamesindustry.biz. “Zynga’s high-speed, data-driven design vs console development”. 08/06/2012.↩
67Jeff Grubb. VentureBeat.com. “Zynga sticks with what works: Riches of Olympus is its next mobile slots game”. 02/06/2014.↩
68Ibid.↩
69Words with Friends Page: zynga.com/games/words-friends↩
70Wikipedia Entry: “Scrabble”: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrabble↩
71John Balz. The Nudge Blog. “SnūzNLūz: The alarm clock that donates to your least favorite charity”.↩
72Charlie White. Mashable.com. “Money-Shredding Alarm Clock Is Completely Unforgiving [PICS]”. 05/29/2011.↩
73Charlie White. Mashable.com. “Money-Shredding Alarm Clock Is Completely Unforgiving [PICS]”. 05/29/2011.↩
74SelfDeterminationTheory.org↩
75Daniel Pink. Drive. Penguin Group, New York, NY. 2009.↩
76David Vise & Mark Malseed. The Google Story. P93-96. Random House, New York, New York. 2005.↩
77Quora.com Entry: “What are the different levels of software engineers at Google and how does the promotion system work?”↩
78Patrick Goss. TechRadar.com. “Page: ‘more wood behind fewer arrows’ driving Google success”. 7/14/2011.↩
79Morf Media Website: morfmedia.com↩
80If you are curious about some gamification companies I started during my younger youth, I document that in the post, “How Yu-kai Chou started in Gamification in 2003 and became a Pioneer in the Industry”: http://www.yukaichou.com/lifestyle-gamification/started-gamification-2003/ ↩
81StartupDefinition.com Entry “Runway”: The amount of time until your startup goes out of business, assuming your current income and expenses stay constant. Typically calculated by dividing the current cash position by the current monthly burn rate.↩
82Uri Gneezy and Aldo Rustichini. Journal of Legal Studies Vol. 29, No. 1. “A Fine is a Price”. 01/2000.↩
83I myself was once approached by one of the world’s largest tobacco and beer conglomerates to run a few workshops with them. After discussing with my team, we decided that even though it would be a fairly lucrative relationship - if we were extremely successful at our jobs and more people became addicted to tobacco and alcohol, that wouldn’t be the impact we wanted to have in this world. We ended up turning that particular project down. Of course, we were also only able to do that because we were blessed with many great clients that more directly benefits society so we didn’t need to be driven by Core Drive 8: Loss & Avoidance.↩