Programming with C++20
Programming with C++20
Concepts, Coroutines, Ranges, and more
About the Book
Programming with C++20 teaches programmers with C++ experience the new features of C++20 and how to apply them. It does so by assuming C++11 knowledge. Elements of the Standards between C++11 and C++20 will be briefly introduced, if necessary. However, the focus is on teaching the elements of C++20.
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Table of Contents
- 1 Concepts: Predicates for strongly typed generic code
- 1.1 Programming before Concepts
- 1.1.1 The
enable_ifrequirement - 1.1.2 Long error messages from template errors
- 1.1.1 The
- 1.2 What are Concepts
- 1.2.1 Thinking in concepts
- 1.2.2 Concepts and types
- 1.3 The anatomy of a concept
- 1.4 Existing Concepts
- 1.5 The requires-clause: The runway for Concepts
- 1.6 The requires-expression
- 1.6.1 Simple requirement
- 1.6.2 Nested requirement
- 1.6.3 Compound requirement
- 1.6.4 Type requirement
- 1.6.5 Complete constrained version of
add
- 1.7 Adding Concepts to make requirements reusable
- 1.8 Testing requirements
- 1.9 Using a Concept
- 1.9.1 Using a
constexprfunction in a concept - 1.9.2 Applying a concept with a requires-clause
- 1.9.3 Applying a concept with a trailing requires-clause
- 1.9.4 Applying a concept as a type-constraint
- 1.9.1 Using a
- 1.10 Abbreviated function template with
autoas generic parameter- 1.10.1 What does such a construct do?
- 1.10.2 Exemplary use case: Requiring a parameter type to be an invocable
- 1.11 Concepts and constrained
autotypes- 1.11.1 Constrained
autovariables - 1.11.2 Constrained
autoreturn-type
- 1.11.1 Constrained
- 1.12 The power of Concepts:
requiresinstead ofenable_if- 1.12.1 Call method based in requires
- 1.12.2 Conditional copy operations
- 1.12.3 Conditional destructor
- 1.12.4 Conditional methods
- 1.13 Concepts ordering
- 1.13.1 Subsumption rules details
- 1.13.2 One more thing, never say not
- 1.14 Improved error message
- 1.1 Programming before Concepts
- 2 Coroutines
- 2.1 Regular functions and their control flow
- 2.2 What are Coroutines
- 2.2.1 Generating a sequence with coroutines
- 2.3 The elements of Coroutines in C++
- 2.3.1 Stackless Coroutines in C++
- 2.3.2 The new kids on the block:
co_await,co_returnandco_yield - 2.3.3 The generator
- 2.3.4 The
promise_type - 2.3.5 An iterator for
generator - 2.3.6 Coroutine customization points
- 2.3.7 Coroutines restrictions
- 2.4 Writing a byte stream parser the old way
- 2.5 A byte stream parser with Coroutines
- 2.5.1 Writing the
Parsefunction as coroutine - 2.5.2 Creating an Awaitable type
- 2.5.3 A more flexible
promise_type - 2.5.4 Another generator the FSM
- 2.5.5 Simulating a network byte stream
- 2.5.6 Plugging the pieces together
- 2.5.1 Writing the
- 2.6 A different strategy of the
Parsegenerator - 2.7 Using a coroutine with custom
new/delete - 2.8 Using a coroutine with a custom allocator
- 2.9 Exceptions in coroutines
- 4
std::ranges - 5 Modules
- 5 std::format: Modern & type-safe text formatting
- 5.1 Formatting a string before C++20
- 5.1.1 Formatting a stock index with
iostreams - 5.1.2 Formatting a stock index with
printf
- 5.1.1 Formatting a stock index with
- 5.2 Formatting a string using
std::format- 5.2.1
std::formatspecifiers - 5.2.2 Escaping
- 5.2.3 Localization
- 5.2.4 Formatting floating-point numbers
- 5.2.1
- 5.3 Formatting a custom type
- 5.3.1 Writing a custom formatter
- 5.3.2 Parsing a custom format specifier
- 5.4 Referring to a format argument
- 5.5 Using a custom buffer
- 5.5.1 Formatting into a dynamically sized buffer
- 5.5.2 Formatting into a fixed sized buffer
- 5.6 Writing our own logging function
- 5.6.1 Prefer
make_format_argswhen forwarding an argument pack - 5.6.2 Create the format specifier at compile-time
- 5.6.3 Formatting the time
- 5.6.1 Prefer
- 5.1 Formatting a string before C++20
- 6 Three-way comparisons: Simplify your comparisons
- 6.1 Writing a class with equal comparison
- 6.1.1 Comparing different types
- 6.1.2 Less hand-written code with operator reverse, rewrite and
=default
- 6.2 Writing a class with ordering comparison pre C++20
- 6.3 Writing a class with ordering comparison in C++20
- 6.3.1 Member-wise comparison with
=default
- 6.3.1 Member-wise comparison with
- 6.4 The different comparison categories
- 6.4.1 The comparison categories
- 6.4.2 The comparison strength:
strongorweak - 6.4.3 Another comparison strength: partial ordering
- 6.4.4 Named comparison functions
- 6.5 Converting between comparison categories
- 6.6 New operator abilities: reverse and rewrite
- 6.7 The power of the default spaceship
- 6.8 Applying a custom sort order
- 6.9 Spaceship-operator interaction with existing code
- 6.1 Writing a class with equal comparison
- 7 Lambdas in C++20: New features
- 7.1 [=, this] as a lambda capture
- 7.2 Default constructible lambdas
- 7.3 Captureless lambdas in unevaluated contexts
- 7.4 Lambdas in generic code
- 7.4.1 Lambdas with templated-head
- 7.4.2 Variadic lambda arguments
- 7.4.3 Forwarding variadic lambda arguments
- 7.5 Pack expansions in lambda init-captures
- 7.6 Restricting lambdas with Concepts
- 8 Aggregate initialization
- 8.1 What is an aggregate
- 8.2 Designated initializers
- 8.2.1 Designated initializers in C
- 8.2.2 Designated initializers in C++20
- 8.2.3 Initializing a subset of an aggregate with designated initializers
- 8.2.4 Initialize a subset with designated initializers without in-class member initializers
- 8.2.5 Named arguments in C++: Aggregates with designated initializers
- 8.2.6 Overload resolution and designated initializers
- 8.3 Direct-initialization for aggregates
- 8.3.1 Initialization forms: Braced or parenthesis initialization
- 8.3.2 Aggregates with user-declared constructors
- 8.4 Class Template Argument Deduction for aggregates
- 9 Class-types as non-type template parameters
- 9.1 What are non-type template parameters again
- 9.2 The requirements for class types as non-type template parameters
- 9.3 Class types as non-type template parameters
- 9.3.1 A first contact with class types as NTTP
- 9.3.2 What compile-time data do we have
- 9.4 Building a format function with specifier count check
- 9.4.1 A first
printfunction - 9.4.2 Optimizing the format string creation
- 9.4.3 Checking the number of specifiers in a format string
- 9.4.4 Checking if type and specifiers do match
- 9.4.5 Enable more use-cases and prevent mistakes
- 9.4.1 A first
- 10 New STL elements
- 10.1
bit_cast: Reinterpreting your objects - 10.2
endian: Endianess detection at compile time - 10.3
to_array - 10.4
span: A view of continuous memory - 10.5
source_location: The modern way of__FUNCTION__- 10.5.1 Writing a custom assert function
- 10.5.2 Writing a custom assert function with C++20
- 10.5.3 Writing a custom log function with C++20
- 10.6
containsfor all associative containers - 10.7
start_withends_withforstd::string
- 10.1
- 11 Language Updates
- 12 Doing (more) things at compile-time
- Acronyms
- Bibliography
- Index
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