Interface Evolution (English Version)
Interface Evolution (English Version)
The History of the Computer from the Perspective of its User Interface
About the Book
About the Author
Table of Contents
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- Imprint and notes on further use
- Preface
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From the ENIAC to the Minicomputer
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The Early Computers
- Programming through wiring
- Programmes as independent artefacts
- Stored Program - The programme in the computer
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Jobs and Batches
- Batch processing
- Higher programming languages
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Early Real-Time Systems
- Land consolidation: Zuse Z11
- Accounting: IBM 305 RAMAC and IBM 1401
- Flight booking: SABRE
- Science and technology: LGP-30
- Interactivity on large computers - UNIVAC I
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Shared Time
- Virtual objects
- The time-sharing application par excellence: The editor
- Virtual objects: Interactive object manipulation
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Terminals Instead of Teleprinters
- Terminals and spatial objects
- Dumb and smart terminals
- Direct manipulation: Visual editors
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Experimental Graphical Systems
- Whirlwind and SAGE
- TX-0 and TX-2
- The legacy of SAGE, Sketchpad and Co.
- Minicomputers
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The Early Computers
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Personal Computers
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On to the Altair!
- The Altair 8800 - The wonder box
- Front panel programming - bits to touch
- Punched tape - programmes from the roll
- BASIC - Programming interactive
- Performance: Terminal and Cassette
- Floppy disks - more than just fast and random
- CP/M - The operating system
- WordStar - The Killer App
- The 1977 Trinity
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Small Computers in the Office
- Apple II and VisiCalc
- CP/M on the Apple II - The computer within the computer
- IBM’s path to the personal computer
- The software makes the difference!
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The Home Computers of the 8-Bit Era
- The Commodore 64 (C64)
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Desks with Windows
- The pointing device - The history of the mouse
- The Experiment - The Xerox Alto
- The World in Windows - The Smalltalk Environment
- The Desktop - Xerox Star and Apple Lisa
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Windows for the Home
- Apple Macintosh - The Little One
- Atari ST - The Versatile
- Commodore Amiga - The Multimedia
- Multitasking and windows on the IBM PC
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Windows and MacOS
- MacOS - The Desktop and the Finder
- Microsoft Windows - A Failure?
- Windows 3 - Windows comes of age
- MacOS 7 - The zenith of the classic operating system
- Windows 95 - The connection of the two worlds
- MacOS X (10) - MacOS reinvented
- MacOS 10.7 - Implicit saving causes confusion
- Windows 8 - The Failed Experiment
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Unix and Linux
- From Multics to Unics - The Early History
- To each his Unix - The fragmentation
- The Power of the Command Line - The Unix Shell
- X-Window System - Unix can also be graphically
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On to the Altair!
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From the PDA to the Smartphone
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Computers en Route
- Mobile Personal Computer
- Pocket computer
- Early PDAs
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Personal Digital Assistants
- Newton MessagePad - The Pioneer
- Palm Pilot - The Reliable
- Windows CE - The Conventional
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Smartphones
- Early smartphones
- Smartphone rethought
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Computers en Route
- Notes
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