Jetpack Compose internals
Jetpack Compose internals
About the Book
This book explores the guts of Jetpack Compose, the brand new library by Google and the Android team that will become the future of Android UI. Dedicating time now to learn about its internals in-depth will yield powerful skills to write modern and efficient Android apps in the future.
If you are interested in other use cases of Jetpack Compose rather than Android, this book has got you covered also. Jetpack Compose internals is very focused on exploring the compiler and runtime from a generic perspective, making the overall experience very agnostic of the target platform. The book also provides a chapter dedicated to diverse use cases for Jetpack Compose, which exposes a few really interesting examples over code.
Jetpack Compose and Android are trademarks of Google LLC and this book is not endorsed by or affiliated with Google in any way.
About the Contributors

Software Engineer
Andrei wrote the chapter about "Advanced Compose runtime use cases", one of the most interesting chapters in the book. It showcases how to create client libraries that leverage all the power of the Compose runtime.
Table of Contents
-
Prelude
- Why to read this book
- What this book is not about
- Why to write about internals
- Keep the sources close
- Code snippets and examples
-
1. Composable functions
- The meaning of Composable functions
- Properties of Composable functions
- Calling context
- Idempotent
- Free of uncontrolled side effects
- Restartable
- Fast execution
- Positional memoization
- Similarities with suspend functions
- The color of Composable functions
- Composable function types
-
2. The Compose compiler
- A Kotlin compiler plugin
- Compose annotations
- Registering Compiler extensions
- Kotlin Compiler version
- Static analysis
- Static Checkers
- Call checks
- Type checks
- Declaration checks
- Diagnostic suppression
- Runtime version check
- Code generation
- The Kotlin IR
- Lowering
- Inferring class stability
- Enabling live literals
- Compose lambda memoization
- Injecting the Composer
- Comparison propagation
- Default parameters
- Control flow group generation
- Klib and decoy generation
-
3. The Compose runtime
- The slot table and the list of changes
- The slot table in depth
- The list of changes
- The Composer
- Feeding the Composer
- Modeling the Changes
- Optimizing when to write
- Writing and reading groups
- Remembering values
- Recompose scopes
- SideEffects in the Composer
- Storing CompositionLocals
- Storing source information
- Linking Compositions via CompositionContext
- Accessing the current State snapshot
- Navigating the nodes
- Keeping reader and writer in sync
- Applying the changes
- Performance when building the node tree
- How changes are applied
- Attaching and drawing the nodes
- Composition
- Creating a Composition
- The initial Composition process
- Applying changes after initial Composition
- Additional information about the Composition
- The Recomposer
- Spawning the Recomposer
- Recomposition process
- Concurrent recomposition
- Recomposer states
-
4. Compose UI
- Integrating UI with the Compose runtime
- Mapping scheduled changes to actual changes to the tree
- Composition from the point of view of Compose UI
- Subcomposition from the point of view of Compose UI
- Reflecting changes in the UI
- Different types of Appliers
- Materializing a new LayoutNode
- Closing the circle
- Materializing a change to remove nodes
- Materializing a change to move nodes
- Materializing a change to clear all the nodes
- Measuring in Compose UI
- Measuring policies
- Intrinsic measurements
- Layout Constraints
- LookaheadLayout
- Modeling modifier chains
- Setting modifiers to the LayoutNode
- How LayoutNode ingests new modifiers
- Drawing the node tree
- Semantics in Jetpack Compose
- Notifying about semantic changes
- Merged and unmerged semantic trees
-
5. State snapshot system
- What snapshot state is
- Concurrency control systems
- Multiversion concurrency control (MCC or MVCC)
- The Snapshot
- The snapshot tree
- Snapshots and threading
- Observing reads and writes
- MutableSnapshots
- GlobalSnapshot and nested snapshots
- StateObjects and StateRecords
- Reading and writing state
- Removing or reusing obsolete records
- Change propagation
- Merging write conflicts
-
6. Effects and effect handlers
- Introducing side effects
- Side effects in Compose
- What we need
- Effect Handlers
- Non suspended effects
- Suspended effects
- Third party library adapters
-
7. Advanced Compose Runtime use cases
- Compose runtime vs Compose UI
- (Re-) Introducing composition
- Composition of vector graphics
- Building vector image tree
- Integrating vector composition into Compose UI
- Managing DOM with Compose
- Standalone composition in the browser
- Conclusion
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