Indian society is riven by caste. There is no aspect of today’s Indian society that is not touched by the shadow of casteism. Despite being reviled by Indian reformers and legislated against widely in Independent India, caste has remained one of the most enduring features of its society. What exactly is caste in the Hindu religion? Why was such a construct conceptualized? Was casteism a result of a crude mindset of ancient Hindus? Should Hindus be ashamed of their religious heritage? Is today’s casteism today a reflection of a perverse ancient society or has the social structure of castes evolved over time? How has casteism endured in modern times? ho are the true beneficiaries & victims of casteism in the 21st century? Why have all attempts over a century to eradicate casteism failed? Is there, at all, any real way for us to lead society out of this quagmire of caste? This book tries to answer all these questions. It introduce popular theories and examines them in the light of logic. It examines the varied aspects of casteism objectively, discusses different perspectives and attempt to see casteism as it is - avoiding the usual accompanying prejudices and side-stepping the need for political correctness.