Directory Structure Cheat Sheet

  • / : The ‘root’ directory which contains all other files and directories
  • /bin : Common commands / programs, shared by all users
  • /boot : Contains the files needed to successfully start the computer during the boot process
  • /dev : Holds device files that represent physical and ‘logical’ devices
  • /etc : Contains configuration files that control the operation of programs
  • /etc/cron.d: One of the directories that allow programs to be run on a regular schedule
  • /etc/rc?.d : Directories containing files that control the mode of operation of a computer
  • /home : A directory that holds subdirectories for each user to store user specific files
  • /lib : Contains shared library files and kernel modules
  • /lost+found : Will hold recoverable data in the event of an an improper shut-down
  • /media : Used to temporarily mount removable devices
  • /mnt : A mount point for filesystems or temporary mount point for system administrators
  • /opt : Contains third party or additional software that is not part of the default installation
  • /proc : Holds files that contain information about running processes and system resources
  • /root : The home directory of the System Administrator, or the ‘root’ user
  • /sbin : Contains binary executables / commands used by the system administrator
  • /srv : Provides a consistent location for storing data for specific services
  • /tmp : A temporary location for storing files or data
  • /usr : Is the directory where user programs and data are stored and shared
  • /usr/bin : Contains binary executable files for users
  • /usr/lib : Holds shared library files to support executables in /usr/bin and /usr/sbin
  • /usr/local : Contains users programs that are installed locally from source code
  • /usr/sbin : The directory for non-essential system administration binary executables
  • /var : Holds variable data files which are expected to grow under normal circumstances
  • /var/lib : Contains dynamic state information that programs modify while they run
  • /var/log : Stores log files from a range of programs and services
  • /var/spool : Contains files that are held (spooled) for later processing
  • /var/tmp : A temporary store for data that needs to be held between reboots (unlike /tmp)