ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
7. Basic Circuit Elements
There are several types of basic circuit elements used to construct the electrical circuits. The following are the important basic circuit elements.
- Resistor
- Capacitor
- Transistor
7.1 Resistor
The resistors are used in electronic circuits to reduce the Voltage and Current flow in a certain section. Resistors are based on the Ohm’s Law which specifies the Current passed through a resistence is directly proportional to Voltage when Temperature and Pressure are at constant values.
7.1.1 Color Codes of Resistors
| Color | Value | Value | Multiplier | Tolerance Level | Temperature Co-efficient |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 0 | 0 | 1 | Not Used | Not Used |
| Brown | 1 | 1 | 10 | +1% | 100 |
| Red | 2 | 2 | 100 | +2% | 50 |
| Orange | 3 | 3 | 1000 | Not Used | 15 |
| Yellow | 4 | 4 | 10000 | Not Used | 25 |
| Green | 5 | 5 | 100000 | Not Used | 0.5 |
| Blue | 6 | 6 | 1000000 | Not Used | 0.25 |
| Violet | 7 | 7 | 10000000 | Not Used | 0.1 |
| Grey | 8 | 8 | 100000000 | Not Used | Not Used |
| White | 9 | 9 | 1000000000 | Not Used | Not Used |
| Gold | 0.1 | 0.1 | 10000000000 | +5% | Not Used |
| Silver | 0.01 | 0.01 | 100000000000 | +10% | Not Used |
7.2 Capacitor
The capacitors can store some current for a small time. It works by using a Dielectric Region, which is actually a insulator.
7.3 Transistor
The first point contact transistor was invented in 1947 by William Shockly, Walter Brattain, John Bardeen. It was a major breakthrough in the Field of Electronical Engineering. Transistor reduced much of the workload caused by using Vaccum Tubes.
8. Electricity and Current.
8.1 Relationship between Voltage,Current and Resistance
The Voltage,Current and Resistance are directly associated to each other. The Ohm’s Law defines these associations.