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Programming Simplicity - Broad Brush

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Author

About the Author

Paul Tarvydas

Who Am I and Why Should You Care?

I'm a retired electrical engineer who ran a software consultancy for over 25 years. Embedded systems (credit card terminals, the kind of hardware that has to work every single time), Y2K renovation of COBOL codebases using advanced parsing and backtracking tools and design recovery, tax platforms, business strategy tools — I've built the unglamorous stuff that actually runs the world. None of it was glamorous. All of it taught me something.

What it taught me, mostly, is that software is far more complicated than it needs to be.

Hardware designers work with schematics and ICs — reliable, composable, and honest about time. Software designers inherited notation from the 15th century printing press, then the 19th century QWERTY typewriter, and never stopped to ask whether those tools were the right fit for a fundamentally different medium.

They aren't.

There's a trap worth naming early: casting deep thinking into mathematical form is a one-way operation, not two-way. Once you understand something, you can express it in math — but the math doesn't contain everything you understood. Whatever was elided to make the expression concise is gone. The map is not the territory, and the equation is not the insight. I try to keep that distinction front of mind in everything I write here.

The core thesis

Real life is asynchronous. Software pretends it isn't. That pretense is the source of most of the accidental complexity we spend our careers managing — callback hell, promises, mutex locks, race conditions, the whole zoo.

I've spent years asking one question: why are hardware designs more robust than software designs? Hardware is fundamentally asynchronous — components react to signals, they don't wait their turn. If we expressed software the same way, would reliability go up? I think yes. And I don't think the current answers — threads, promises, async/await — are the right path. Bolting asynchrony onto a synchronous foundation feels fundamentally backwards. What we're doing today is like writing assembler. We need better notations for expressing compositions of asynchronous components. Can we just start from asynchrony instead? I'm now convinced the answer is yes, and that doing so leads to something almost embarrassingly simple. If you know how to build a queue, you're most of the way there.

What I publish

I've put out hundreds of articles on GitHub Pages and Substack, and hundreds of videos on YouTube. Most of it is free. I believe in partial marks — publish the unpolished thought, not just the finished paper. A lot of what I write reads more like a working diary than a journal article, and I think that's a feature, not a bug.

The topics look scattered from the outside. Diagrams as code. Prolog. Forth. Functional programming's hidden assumptions.

They're connected. The connecting thread is always the same question: what is being elided, and what does that cost us?

What I'm driving at

We are still using 2D notation — text, math symbols, sequential syntax — to describe programs that run on hardware that lets us think in four dimensions. x, y, z, and time. We have the technology to express programs in 4D. We just haven't built the habit.

Functional programming elides time and ordering. That's fine for ballistics computations. It is not fine for systems that need to respond to the world as it actually is — concurrent, event-driven, asynchronous by nature.

I'm not arguing that functions are wrong. I'm arguing that functions are not enough, and that treating them as the only legitimate notation is what got us into this mess.

The path out involves asynchronous-by-default design, diagram-based notations, staged computation, and the willingness to admit that no single notation covers all bases. Software is catching up slowly.

I'm trying to help it catch up faster.

Contents

Table of Contents

    • Programming Is Not Coding
      • An Abbreviated History of Programming Languages.
      • What is the point of programming?
      • Early Machines
      • High Level Electronic Machines
      • Early Programming of Computers
      • Tools
      • IDEs
      • Process
      • Drawbacks
      • Toggle Switches (Advanced Programming)
      • Breadboards (Advanced Programming)
      • Miniaturization (Super Advanced Programming)
      • Drawback - Dust
      • Drawback - $$$
      • HCI - Human Computer Interfaces - Keyboards and Displays
      • Solution - Keyboards
      • Solution - Displays
      • Assembler (Ultra Advanced Programming)
      • Separation of operators and operands
      • Line-Oriented Source Code
      • Aside - Tree-Oriented Source Code
      • High Level Languages (Super Ultra Advanced Programming)
      • ASCII
      • Code Bloat
      • Types Needed During Design
      • Other Syntaxes
      • Spreadsheets
      • Relational Programming
      • Everything is a String
      • Scripting
      • Hypercard
      • Dataless Programming Languages
      • Concept: Orthogonal Programming Languages
      • WASM
      • VPLs
      • Low-Code
      • HTML
      • XML
      • Declarative Programming
      • TXL
      • AI generates Code
      • ROS, Behavior Trees
      • 1950s Text-based Programming Languages
      • Smalltalk
      • Compilers
      • Compilers vs. Interpreters
    • Interpreter
    • Compiler
      • How Do You Write Code That Figures Out What Can Be Pre-Compiled?
      • Compilers Are Interpreters
      • Tokens, Tokenization
      • Trees
      • AST vs CST
      • Tree Driven Compilation
      • Do One Thing Well
      • Syntax Driven Compilation
      • Compiler Phases
      • REGEX - Regular Expressions
      • YACC, LEX, Bison, etc.
      • PEG
      • Ohm
    • Call Return Spaghetti
      • Introduction
      • Simple System
      • What Happens?
      • Current State of the Art
      • The Desired Outcome
    • Scalability
      • Insidious Form of Dependency
      • New Reality vs. Old Reality
      • Measuring Isolation
    • 5 Whys of Software Components
      • Acknowledgement
    • Git Could Do More
      • Github, Git, Diff, etc.
      • Automated DRY
      • Git-based Editors
    • DRY vs. Component-Based Programming
    • Factbases
    • The Universal Datatype
      • Triples
      • Assembler
      • Normalization
      • Factbase
      • Compilers
      • Optimization
      • Anecdote - Y2K and COBOL
      • Pattern Matching Factbases
      • Programming Language Design
      • Automation
      • Programming
    • Triples
      • XML
      • Computer Science
      • Data Structures
      • Curried Functions
      • PROLOG
      • Human Readability
    • Agile TakeAways
      • Goal of Agile
      • Religion of Agile
      • Takeaways from Agile
      • Anti-Takeways from Agile
      • Flexibility
      • Reuse In The Large
      • Code is cheap.
      • Software Development Roles
    • Compilers Are Too Slow
      • Efficiency
      • Sector Lisp, FP in < 512 Bytes
      • Forgotten
      • Notation Worship
      • Error Checking - Silly Mistakes
      • 5-Line Programs
      • Why Don’t We Use Diagrams For Programming?
      • Dependencies
      • Simplicity - How Do You Build A Light Airplane?
      • Suggestion: Type Checking Design Rules
      • Warping Programming Languages To Allow Compilation
      • Appendix References
    • Why Do We Use Text For Programming Languages?
    • FDD - Failure Driven Design
      • Slides
      • Appendix
    • PROLOG for Programmers Introduction (in PROLOG)
      • video
      • Slides
      • Transcript
    • The Holy Grail of Software Development
      • Video
      • Transcript
    • Control Flow
      • Video
      • Slides
      • Transcript

Contributors

About the Contributors

Ken Deaton

Rajiv Abraham

Boken Lin

Ken Kan

Zac Nowicki

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