Kubernetes 101
Kubernetes 101
Learn the basics of Kubernetes and container-based infrastructure.
About the Book
Jeff Geerling guides you through the basics of Kubernetes and container-based infrastructure, using real-world examples. The book explores all the concepts you will need to know to productively manage applications in Kubernetes clusters.
About the Authors
About the Contributors
Table of Contents
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Preface
- Who is this book for?
- Typographic conventions
-
Please help improve this book!
- Current Published Book Version Information
- About the Author
-
Introduction
- Examples Repository
- Other resources
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Chapter 1 - Hello, Kubernetes!
- Kubernetes Origins
- Is Kubernetes Right for You?
- Kubernetes Environments
- Instructions for Minikube
- Building the example Docker image
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Chapter 2 - Containers
- Why does Kubernetes use containers?
-
Container History: Vendor Wars
- Docker, containerd, and runC
-
rktand CoreOS - Kubernetes Container Runtime
- CRI-O
- Modern Container Runtime options
- How do you build a container? Docker vs Buildah
- Instructions for ‘Hello Go’ app
- Build the ‘Hello Go’ Docker container image
- Push the container image to a private Docker registry
-
Chapter 3 - Deploying apps
- Creating a Linode Cluster for cloud-based testing
- Deploying Hello Go into Kubernetes
- Exposing the Hello Go App
- Scaling the Hello Go App
- Updating the Go App
- Rolling back the Deployment
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Chapter 4 - Real-world apps
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Installing Drupal on a Traditional LAMP server
- LAMP Server Setup for drupal
- Automating the Installation
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Installing Drupal on Kubernetes using Bitnami’s Helm Chart
- Install Helm
- Install the Drupal Chart
- Exposing a LoadBalancer in Minikube
- Changing Chart Options
- Cleaning Up
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Drupal Directly in Kubernetes - Let’s Do it [Mostly] Right!
- Deploying the Drupal Kubernetes Manifests
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Installing Drupal on a Traditional LAMP server
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Chapter 5 - Scaling Drupal in k8s
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Fixing the scalability issue with Drupal Pods
- Shared Storage Options
- Rook and Ceph
- NFS
- Set up an NFS server
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Reconfigure the Drupal PersistentVolumeClaim for NFS
- Set up NFS client provisioner in K8s
- Deploy Drupal and MySQL (MariaDB)
- Save a File and observe it
- Scale Drupal up… and down!
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Use Horizontal Pod Autoscaling (HPA)
-
Set up
metrics-server - Configuring HPA for Drupal
- Testing HPA for Drupal
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Set up
- Scaling Databases
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Fixing the scalability issue with Drupal Pods
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Chapter 6 - DNS, TLS, Cron, Logging
- Setting things up from Episode 5
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DNS and Ingress setup for Drupal
- Set up an NGINX Ingress Controller
- Set up Ingress for Drupal
- External DNS Integration
- Set up TLS with cert-manager and Let’s Encrypt
- Keeping Drupal Happy with a CronJob
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Monitoring Drupal’s Logs
- Using an External SaaS Log Aggregator
- Running your own ELK Stack
- Relying on a Service Mesh
- Using your cloud provider’s solution
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Chapter 7 - Hello, Operator!
-
What are Operators?
- The Concept
- The Execution
- Why not use an Operator?
- Popular Kubernetes Operators
-
Build your own Operator
- Building an Operator with Operator SDK
- Any language, including Python or Rust!
- Conclusion
-
What are Operators?
-
Chapter 8 - Kube, Meet Pi
- Heavy Metal Kubernetes
-
Start with Training Wheels
- The Raspberry Pi makes for Compact Clusters
- The Raspberry Pi sips energy, and keeps its cool
- The Raspberry Pi teaches lessons about scalability
- ARM is not all sunshine and roses
-
Installing a Kubernetes Distribution
- kubeadm
- Setting up the Raspberry Pi Dramble
-
Going Further
- Other Guides
- Chapter 9 - Secrets and Configuration
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Chapter 10 - Monitoring Kubernetes
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- Two Clusters to Monitor
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Cluster Visibility with Lens
- Install Lens
- Inspect your clusters with Lens
- Explore Pod Logs
- Log into Nodes and Pods
- Visit web services in a browser
- Manage resources
-
Prometheus and Grafana
- Install Prometheus and Grafana using Helm
- Access Grafana
- Grafana Dashboards
- Maintaining Grafana
- Conclusion
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- Afterword
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